Dr. Garima Kaur,Arshia Clinic

Hello,

I am Dr. Garima Kaur, consultant of obs and gynae. The most common and recurrent gynae problem that I have come across in the general population is vaginal infection or commonly known as leukorrhea, at this point I would like to highlight that in the physiology of vagina there is a clear transparent odourless fluid which is commonly discharged from the vagina to keep it clean and healthy but when there is a vaginal infection then the colour and the odour of this discharge changes, it is then called leukorrhea.

This is mainly of 2 types. It can be physiological or pathological, physiological is in situations where the girls are having their puberty or ladies are in their first trimester of pregnancy or in the neonatal girls and the pathological could be due to fungal infection or due to mixed fungal and bacterial infection or due to urethritis that is urinary infection along with vaginal infection and froth and most serious being gonorrhea, see in this situation, ladies should not stay at home and should not hide their problems and they should come up and meet their gynecologist and seek treatment for the problem that they are facing, here I would like to give you some tips from my side to maintain good perineal hygiene.

Number 1 would be to avoid the use of soaps, solutions and washes in this sensitive region because we all know how much we suffer when this area is having the itching. See it disturbs the pH of the vagina which is 4.5 to 5.5 and I would recommend to use lots and lots of water to clean this area. Number 2 would be we should not remove the pubic hair regularly, we should not touch the root of the hair because that disrupts the immunity of this region and it invites more and more infection. Number 3 would be regular use of cotton undergarments and we should change them when they are wet.

Fourth and not the least the used water or dirty hands should not reach the urethral area from the posterior site. We should always use the handheld shower from the front so that clean water reaches the urethra that prevents lots of infection in this region and my recommendation would be if you continue with this kind of practice for a month and more then you are going to see the results yourself and you will be free from infections in this region. If you are suffering from regular infections then we should always try to build up our immunity by eating healthy and doing regular exercise this is always helps to build immunity.

Thank you for your patience listening. 

Hello, everyone. I am glad that you are watching this video. I am consultant gynecologist at Max Superspeciality Hospital, Shalimar Bagh, Max Hospital in Pitampura and at my own clinic in Pitampura. Today I would like to talk about PCOS or Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome.

It is a very common in female endocrine disorder which is increasing tremendously. The prevalence of it now is 2.2 to 26% which itself is very high. NOw, what is it about? So, this problem is about women's hormones, they get out of balance. Then it makes the problems in periods, difficult for the women to conceive or to get pregnant. If left untreated, it can lead to long term problems such as Diabetes Mellitus, Heart disease, and endocrinal cancer.

What happens in PCOS?

In PCOS, the sex hormones get out of balance. So, the male hormones increase more than a normal range. Now, what do they do?

They stop Ovulation, they cause acne, increase the facial and the body hair.

The second factor it involves is Insulin.THe Insulin resistance is caused because of PCOS. The insulin resistance causes obesity, weight gain and then later it may cause Diabetes Mellitus. The causes of PCOS is clearly not known but they run in the family. The girls which are affected from PCOS, they get it either from the mother's family or the father's family.

So, the symptoms of PCOS are;

• Hirsutism
• Extra facial and the body hair
• Thinning of hair from the scalp
• Infertility problems
• Irregular periods
• Depression

Now, coming to the diagnosis,

There are a lot of studies which are done for PCOS. PCOD is defined as any two of these three features, those are;

• The periods that come after more than 45 days or periods which comes less than 8 times in a year.
• Hyperandrogenism, Menstrual problems.
• Ultrasound features suggested of PCOS.

So, the polycystic shows up multiple cysts, that is 10 in number, 2-8 mm in size and bulky ovaries each.

This is how we diagnose. Now coming to the treatment.

There are 3 key treatments for PCOS;

• Regular exercise-   Walking is a very good exercise that most people can do. Then depending on your choice, you can swim, dance, play etc.
• Healthy diet-   In diet, you should take green leafy vegetables, fruits, whole grains, nuts, beans, milk etc. You should avoid the intake of saturated fats like meat, cheese, fried food items, sugary food. Starchy food such as potatoes, cakes, sweet potato, maida, sooji, besan etc. You have to quit smoking if you are indulged in that too.
• Weight control-     In weight control, most women benefit even with 5% of weight loss that would help them regulate their hormones better.

The women's hormones come into balance, the periods come on time, it gets easier for the patient to get pregnant. All these favourable changes take place when the patient follows all these three steps.

Now there are pills that we can give to the patients to help her regulate her own hormones. Now, there are two types of pill;

• One is birth control pills o0r oral contraceptive pills. These pills help to balance sex hormones.
• Metformin pills are the insulin sensitizers. They tackle the INsulin resistance in the PCOS patients. 

Now, all these help in balancing the hormones of PCOS patients. If a patient is suffering from depression because of PCOS, then he would advise her to do some exercises that help to elevate the mood or to consult a counsellor or a gynaecologist.

So, if you want to contact me, you can do so through Lybrate or you can come to my clinic directlywhich is in Pitampura.

Thanks for the patient hearing.

High Risk Pregnancy: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

Hello everyone. I’m Dr. Garima Kaur, consultant gynaecologist and obstetrician working at Arshia Clinic in Pitampura, and at Max Super Specialty Hospital, Shalimar Bagh. I have been practicing for the last thirteen years, but I would like to talk about high risk pregnancy.

Pregnancy is a physiological condition but in case of any abnormalities in the mother or baby’s condition, it is labeled as high risk pregnancy. High risk pregnancy would include maternal conditions like high HP or hypertension in pregnancy, high sugars, or diabetes in pregnancy, low hemoglobin, or anemia pregnancy, heart disease in the mother, blood group like Rh negative, etc. Baby conditions like twins, triplets, IUGR, or intrauterine growth restriction babies or premature babies, etc. High risk pregnancy can cause threat to the life of mother or her baby, so in such situations, we have to have a closer assessment of the patient. Specific diet and lifestyle that has to be followed by the patient is explained to them. They are called for more frequent visits at the clinic to monitor their conditions.

Investigations like ultrasound, blood, urine are done at more frequent intervals, to monitor their condition properly. Any timely intervention that is indicated in their situation is done. Prophylactic steroid injections, if required, to boost baby’s maturity, are given. Overall, all efforts are made to make the baby and mother healthy as close as possible to the normal pregnancy, so that even they can enjoy a healthy and uneventful pleasant pregnancy and delivery. I would like to highlight some home remedies for the modifiable conditions which can cause later in life a high risk pregnancy. The modifiable conditions would include anemia, which can be corrected by simple home measures like taking a balanced diet rich in iron sources like green leafy vegetables, a high protein diet like daals, paneer, milk, sprouts, and soya bean, etc. even obesity can be curtailed in time by regular exercise and a diet low in carbs, fats, etc. this was in short about my profile, and about the problems of high risk pregnancy.

For any update or queries you can contact me at Arshia Clinic Pitampura, or book an appointment at Lybrate. You can also meet me at Max Super Specialty Hospital Shalimar Bagh. Thank you.