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Overview

Infertility: Treatment, Procedure, Cost and Side Effects

What is the treatment?

Infertility refers to a condition when a woman cannot conceive even after having carefully timed and unprotected sex for over a year. It is difficult to pinpoint the exact cause of infertility. However, it may occur due to inadequate levels of some hormones in both men and women and also due to trouble with ovulation in women. A man suffers from infertility if the semen that he ejaculates contains less number of sperms and if the sperm is of low quality. In such a scenario, a man will not be able to reproduce.

There are different factors which can contribute to a man getting infertile. A man can suffer from infertility if he suffers from a condition called varicoceles, or from diseases or conditions like diabetes, cystic fibrosis, trauma, infection, testicular failure or has been exposed to chemotherapy or radiation. Other causes may include alcohol addiction, smoking, use of anabolic steroids and exposure to environmental toxins. A woman can suffer from infertility if any of the organs such as the ovaries, fallopian tubes or the uterus gets damaged.

Treating infertility in men involves treatment for premature ejaculation, varicoceles, blockage of the ejaculation duct, retrograde ejaculation and also surgery for epididymal blockage. A woman may have to take some medications if she is suffering from ovulation disorders. Other treatments for women include intrauterine insemination and even surgery to restore fertility.

How is the treatment done?

A doctor may advise a couple to have more sex per week so as to enable the woman to conceive. However, infertility in men can be due to a number of different reasons and their treatments differ too. Medication and behavioral therapy can help a man to overcome general sexual problems like premature ejaculation and erectile dysfunction. A varicose vein in the scrotum, which can cause infertility, can be surgically removed. In case of blockage of the ejaculatory duct, sperm can be injected into an egg in the laboratory after it has been extracted directly from the testicles. Retrograde ejaculation is treated by taking sperm directly from the bladder and later injected into eggs. The epididymis is a coil-like structure in the testicles that help to store and transport sperm. Surgery can help to remove the blockage if it gets blocked.

A woman suffering from ovulation disorders will be prescribed fertility drugs like clomifene, metformin, human menopausal gonadotrophin, human chorionic gonadotrophin, bromocriptine and follicle stimulating hormone. In addition to these, there are surgical procedures for women. Fallopian tube surgery helps to repair damaged or scarred fallopian tubes and makes it easier for eggs to pass through them. Laparoscopic surgery also helps to increase fertility.

There are some methods which help in assisted conception like intrauterine insemination, in vitro fertilization, intracytoplasmic sperm injection, donating sperm or egg, assisted hatching and surgical sperm aspiration.

Who is eligible for the treatment? (When is the treatment done?)

A man should becomes eligible for treatment after he has been diagnosed as suffering from such by a doctor. This is because there are no apparent signs or symptoms of infertility in men. The quantity and quality of the semen also appear normal to the naked eye. Therefore the tests that can identify infertility in men are semen analysis, hormone testing, genetic testing, testicular biopsy, imaging and other specialty testing. In case of women, some of the conditions that may make them infertile are irregular or no menstrual periods, endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, very painful periods or multiple miscarriages. Some of the specific fertility tests that help to understand whether a woman is infertile are ovulation testing, hysterosalpingography, ovarian reserve testing, hormone testing and imaging tests.

Who is not eligible for the treatment?

A person is known to be infertile if he/she has not being able to have a baby even after having frequent and unprotected sex for a year. A man or woman is not eligible for treatment if he/she has been able to make the partner conceive/ conceive herself after having unprotected sex. A person is also not eligible if none of the tests have been able to diagnose him/her as suffering from the condition.

Are there any side effects?

Oral fertility drugs produce milder effects than injectable fertility drugs. The most common side-effects of fertility drugs are bloating, breast tenderness, upset stomach, hot flashes, mood swings and headache. The side effects of gonadotrophins are headache, upset stomach, mood swings, acne, weight gain, abnormal menstrual bleeding, dizziness and even upper respiratory tract infection. Some of the serious side effects of fertility drugs are changes in vision, ectopic pregnancy, ovarian torsion, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and allergic reactions. However, the most common side-effect of infertility treatment is a multiple pregnancy.

What are the post-treatment guidelines?

A person should adopt a healthy lifestyle to make sure that he/she does not get affected by this condition. Smoking and consumption of alcohol increases the risks of infertility and should be avoided. It is of utmost importance for an overweight man to lose some weight. Both men and women should exercise as a sedentary lifestyle increases the risks of infertility. Furthermore, a healthy diet containing adequate quantities of folic acid, iron, zinc and vitamin B-12 should be adopted. A person should also reduce stress as it reduces the chances of conception.

How long does it take to recover?

A woman who has undergone laparoscopic surgery can probably go home on the day of the surgery itself. However, a woman will take about 2-3 weeks to recover from the surgery. Research has shown a person can again reproduce within a time span of 2 months- 2 years after successful treatment. A lot of factors determine how soon a person will recover after taking infertility drugs. Some of the factors are the person’s age, health, medical issues and others. A person taking clomiphene will normally see positive results after 5-12 days of taking the last clomiphene pill.

What is the price of the treatment in India?

The cost of laparoscopic surgery in India generally ranges between Rs 1 lakh to Rs 2 lakhs. The surgery to remove the varicose vein in the scrotum of a man may cost something between Rs 90,000 and Rs 1,50,000. Clomephene, used to treat infertility in women, costs around Rs 650 per cycle. The prices may vary with other variations of this drug. An ICSI treatment costs between Rs 1,50,000 to RS 2,50,000 while Frozen Embryo Transfer procedure will cost a patient an additional Rs 1,20,000.

Are the results of the treatment permanent?

A person who has undergone successful treatment for infertility is generally able to reproduce within 2 years. However, this is not a permanent result. A person may again have infertility problems due to leading an unhealthy lifestyle like smoking, drinking or by not being active. Some health issues also may have an effect on the fertility of men and women.

What are the alternatives to the treatment?

When infertility issues come up due to hormonal problems, using a natural progesterone cream can help a person to address it. Consumption of herbs like red raspberry leaf, nettle leaf, dandelion, alfalfa, red clover, maca and chaste tree berry also help to cure infertility. Getting enough sleep has also proved to play an important part in treating infertility problems.

Safety: Medium Effectiveness: High Timeliness: Medium Relative Risk: Medium Side Effects: Medium Time For Recovery: Medium Price Range:

1 lakhs to 3.7 lakhs

Popular Health Tips

Debunking Infertility Myths - Know the Facts!

Dr. Abhishek Daga

MBBS, MS - Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Gynaecologist, Kolkata

Debunking Infertility Myths - Know the Facts!

Pregnancy is something, which is quite divisive. The mere prospect of it can really go a long way in scaring people. At the same time, for some others, giving birth to a baby can be the primary cause for a lot of happiness. When a couple is having trouble conceiving, infertility is usually the reason why there is a relationship strain between the two of them. Considering this, doesn t it make sense to learn a bit about infertility and the truth to all that is said about it so as to separate the wheat from the chafe? To start with, it is often said that when there is an infertility issue, it is probably due to the lack of fertility of the woman rather than the man. However, this is pretty untrue. It has been found that both men and women are responsible for infertility almost equally. In fact, according to a study, in about a fifth of the cases of infertility, the reason for it was that both the man and the woman were not fertile. Many people say that, if a woman wishes to have a baby, she should do so before she crosses the age of 35. This is true to some extent as the chances of a woman conceiving do fall to a significant extent after the age of 35. As a matter of fact, a woman can expect to reach the peak of her fertility while she is in her twenties, itself! Without a shadow of doubt, having sex around the time of ovulation is the key to getting pregnant. However, it is believed by a large number of people that there is no chance of getting pregnant if sex is had too soon or too late after ovulation as sperms only live for a few hours after an intercourse. The truth is that the sperms have the ability to live for several days. When planning to conceive, many women believe that for about a quarter of a year or three months after they stop making use of the birth control pill, they will not be able to get pregnant. The good news for them is that as soon as the pill is stopped, the levels of a woman s hormones return back to their pre-pill levels almost immediately and ovulation can be expected to occur at the time of their following cycle.

Infertility: Know The Symptoms!

Indira Ivf 84% (22 ratings)

MBBS Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery

IVF Specialist, Delhi

Infertility is a condition where a couple, trying to conceive in a natural way is not able to do so even after one year of trying. It is also a matter of worry for patients who are over the age of 35 years and those who are not able to conceive naturally even after 12 months of trying constantly. Causes: There are many causes of infertility. It may be down to a condition present in one or both partners. Ovulation and fertilisation are the main elements of the conception process and any condition in the female or male can upset either function, which can make it difficult to conceive. While abnormal sperm production and transport may be a common condition that leads to infertility in males, other factors like side effects of cancer treatments and too much exposure to toxins and chemicals can also play an important role in this regard. For females, the causes of infertility may range from ovulation disorders, uterine and fibroid tumours, uterine and cervical anomalies, damage to or blockage of the fallopian tubes, endometriosis, primary ovarian insufficiency and pelvic adhesions. Infertility Symptoms in Women In women, changes in the menstrual cycle and ovulation may be a symptom of a disease related to infertility. Symptoms include: Abnormal periods. Bleeding is heavier or lighter than usual. Irregular periods. The number of days in between each period varies each month. No periods. You have never had a period, or periods suddenly stop. Painful periods. Back pain, pelvic pain, and cramping may happen. Treatment: Female patients can turn to medication that will stimulate ovulation, intrauterine insemination, and surgical processes to correct a uterine septum and remove endometrial polyps, or even a hysteroscopy surgery. Male patients can go through a treatment for any existing infections, hormonal injections and medication, surgical options like vasectomy reversal and art or assistive reproductive technology. If these methods fail, the patient or the couple can always turn to methods like in vitro fertilisation. For other mild reasons, lifestyle changes along with a stress free environment can help in increasing the chances of conception.

Male Infertility - 4 Possible Reasons Behind It!

Dr. Mukti Sethi 90% (36 ratings)

MBBS, DGO, Ceritification in Minimal Invasive Surgery

Gynaecologist, Ghaziabad

Male Infertility - 4 Possible Reasons Behind It!

More than 15 percent of couples are infertile which means that they are unable to conceive even after repeated trials for a long span of time. In about half of these couples, male infertility plays a significant role. Male infertility is primarily caused by inadequate production of sperms, blockages leading to prevention of sperm delivery, and abnormal sperm function. And no single factor is responsible for this were injuries, illnesses, medications and also lifestyle choices play an important role in bringing about male infertility. What are the causes of male infertility? Male infertility is a complex procedure which can stem from some variables including: A varicocele happens when the veins that drain the testicle become swollen. This is one of the commonest causes of infertility among men and can be reversed with ease. Treating the condition can improve the number of sperms and their function while potentially boosting the chances to reproduce. Some infections may also interfere with a man s ability to produce sperms and can also lead to scarring which blocks the way of the sperm. Even though severe infections can lead to permanent damage to the testicles, some of them can still be dealt with if diagnosed in time. Retrograde ejaculation is yet another cause of male infertility which takes place when semen mistakenly enters the bladder at the time orgasm. There are numerous causes behind this including prostate or urethra surgery, spinal injuries and high blood sugar. Some men with spinal cord injuries fail to ejaculate altogether even though there is an optimal production of sperm. Tumors and cancerous fibroids can directly affect the male reproductive system through various ways. In some instances, radiation, surgeries, and chemotherapy can affect male fertility as well. What are the signs and symptoms of male infertility? The main sign of male infertility is the inability on the part of the female to conceive. Besides this, there is no other symptom. But even though this is the generalized picture, other men may experience male infertility signs such as difficulty in ejaculating, meagre amounts of fluid ejaculation, reduction in sexual desire and inability to maintain an erection which is commonly known as erectile dysfunction. Other symptoms include pain and swelling in the testicle area, inability to smell, and respiratory infections. Some men also have abnormal breast growth, decrease in hair in the face and body and hormonal inability. How is male infertility diagnosed and treated? Infertility diagnosis is one of the most difficult challenges that a man can face. In most cases, medicines, surgeries, and alternative treatments can help in reducing the problem. In most cases, the main goal of the treatment is to help a woman conceive, and the treatment entirely depends on the cause of infertility. However, the treatment entirely depends on the cause of infertility. If diagnosed in time, most infertility issues in men can be solved. All one needs to do is visit a specialist and seek help to lead a healthy life.

1641 people found this helpful

Reasons Of Imoptence In Hindi - नपुंसकता के कारण

Dr. Sanjeev Kumar Singh

Bachelor of Ayurveda, Medicine and Surgery (BAMS)

Ayurveda, Lakhimpur Kheri

Reasons Of Imoptence In Hindi - नपुंसकता के कारण

शुक्राणुओं की कमी की वजह से कभी नपुंसकता नहीं आती. नपुंसकता के शारीरिक कारण तो बहुत हैं, नर्व्स में गड़बड़ी, पुरुष हॉर्मोंस का कम होना या एक बार सफल न रहने पर दिमाग में असफलता का डर बैठ जाना. जबकि यहां मरीजों को यह समझना आवश्यक है कि नाकामी एक सामान्य बात है. इसका मतलब अंत नहीं है. ऐसे मरीजों को अपने आत्मविश्वास में वृद्धि करके इस समस्या से छुटकारा पाना चाहिए. सहवास मात्र एक क्रिया ही नहीं है वरन यह एक ऐसी जटिल प्रक्रिया से संचालित होती है जिसका अंदाजा लगाना सरल नहीं है. कभी-कभी लोग किसी तस्वीर को देखकर ही उत्तेजित हो जाते हैं. लिंग में उत्तेजना खत्म हो जाने को इरेक्टाइल डिस्फंक्शन या नपुंसकता कहते हैं. स्तंभन सेक्स पूरा हो जाने के बाद यानी स्खलन के बाद खत्म होना चाहिए. जिन लोगों में यह दिक्कत पाई जाती है, वे चिड़चिड़े हो सकते हैं और उनका कॉन्फिडेंस लेवल भी कम हो सकता है. पुरुष के लिंग में उत्तेजना विचार से भी आती है और स्पर्श से भी. इसका परिणाम यह होता है कि शरीर के साथ लिंग में भी खून का प्रवाह तेज हो जाता है मगर उत्तेजना के लिए उचित हॉर्मोन का होना भी जरूरी है. हालांकि कई बार लोग वहम का शिकार भी हो जाते हैं. ऐसा माना जाता है कि पुरुषों में 60 साल के बाद और महिलाओं में 45 साल के बाद हॉर्मोन की कमी होने लगती है, जिससे उनके उत्तेजित होने में समय लगता है या फिर वे उत्तेजित ही नहीं हो पाते हैं. हालांकि कई मामलों में देखा गया है कि कुछ लोग 70 वर्ष की उम्र के बाद भी सेक्स करने में सक्षम होते हैं. 1. नशाखोरी नशाखोरी भी व्यक्ति की सेक्स लाइफ को प्रभावित करती है. तनाव, शराब, धूम्रपान और मधुमेह का भी सेक्स लाइफ पर असर होता है. अत: इनसे बचकर रहना चाहिए. मधुमेह यानी शुगर की समस्या है तो डॉक्टर से सलाह जरूर लें. नशे के बारे में कहा जाता है कि शुरुआती तौर पर व्यक्ति को सेक्स में अच्छा लगता है, लेकिन धीरे धीरे स्थितियां बिलकुल उलट हो जाती हैं. 2. हॉर्मोंस डिसऑर्डर्स हॉर्मोंस डिसऑर्डर्स, इरेक्टाइल डिस्फंक्शन अथवा नपुंसकता की बड़ी वजह हो सकती है. 3. तंत्रिका तंत्र में कमी नर्वस सिस्टम में आई किसी कमी के चलते भी यह समस्या हो सकती है. यानी न्यूरॉलजी से जुड़ी समस्याएं भी नपुंसकता की अहम वजह हो सकती हैं. 4. रक्तसंचार में कमी लिंग में उत्तेजना या इरेक्शन की वजह उसमें खून का प्रवाह होता है. मगर जब कभी खून का प्रवाह सही नहीं होता तो उसमें सख्ती नहीं आ पाती. कई बार स्थिति तब और खराब हो जाती है जब व्यक्ति सेक्स कर रहा होता है और रक्त प्रवाह लिंग में खत्म हो जाता है. ऐसे में उसे अपनी पार्टनर के समक्ष शर्मिंदा होना पड़ता है. 5. मस्तिष्क से संबंधित हमारे मस्तिष्क में सेक्स संबंधी बातों के लिए एक खास केंद्र होता है. इसी केंद्र के चलते सेक्स संबंधी इच्छाएं नियंत्रित होती हैं और इंसान सेक्स कर पाता है. इस सेंटर में अगर कोई डिसऑर्डर है, तो भी इरेक्टाइल डिस्फंक्शन हो सकता है. 6. संदेह शक का कीड़ा जब दिमाग में कुलबुलाता है तो वह भी सेक्स में नाकामी वजह हो सकता है. कई बार लोगों को लगता है कि वे ठीक तरह से सेक्स कर भी पाएंगे या नहीं और जब यह विचार के व्यक्ति के मन में आता है तो हकीकत में ऐसा हो जाता है. मन में ऐसी शंकाएं भी इरेक्टाइल डिस्फंक्शन की वजह बनती हैं. इसी डर की वजह से लंबे समय में व्यक्ति सेक्स से मन चुराने लगता है और उसकी इच्छा में कमी आने लगती है. 7. शारीरिक और मानसिक कारण डॉक्टरों का मानना है कि 80 फीसदी मामलों में इरेक्टाइल डिस्फंक्शन की वजह शारीरिक होती है, बाकी 20 फीसदी मामले ऐसे होते हैं जिनमें इसके लिए मानसिक कारण जिम्मेदार होते हैं.

Infertility - Best Ayurvedic Remedies For Its Treatment!

Dr. Nihar Ranjan Mahanta 86% (59 ratings)

MD Ayurveda (Kayachikitsa)

Ayurveda, Puri

Infertility - Best Ayurvedic Remedies For Its Treatment!

Fertility is a potential for reproduction. In other words, fertility is an ability to have babies or to reproduce. When fertility rate in a community, increases more babies are born. To produce an offspring it depends on age, health and other factors of the woman. When we talk about fertility rates it means the number of births that happen during a certain time period in a specific location. On the other end, lack of ability to reproduce is termed as infertility. There are various treatments to deal with fertility issues and one of the ancient and natural as well as a trusted treatment is Ayurveda. Causes Female infertility is caused due to structural problems like blocked fallopian tubes, a defect in cervical canal, uterine fibroids or polyps. Hormonal imbalance leading to ovulation problems too can cause infertility. In males. infertility may have anatomical, psychological, hormonal or lifestyle related causes. The cause of infertility in approximately 20% of couples can't be determined using the currently available methods of investigation. From Ayurvedic perspectives, shukra dhatu can get affected by various physical, mental causes and even by serious diseases. Poor quality shukra dhatu can cause infertility in males & females. Symptoms Failure to reproduce Ayurveda For Infertility Ayurveda is one of the world's oldest holistic healing systems. It is based on the belief that health and wellness depend on a delicate balance between the mind, body and Spirit. The primary focus of Ayurvedic medicine is to promote good health, rather than fight disease. Fertility problems are increasing these days for many young couples. There are many factors which account for this like Lifestyle, delayed marriages, diet, etc. But Ayurveda not only does explain how to increase fertility with herbal supplements, but it also focuses on how to have healthy children. For a pregnancy to be healthy and successful, a couple needs to take care of the following four essential factors: Sperm/Ovum (Seeds) Uterus (Soil) Nourishment (Water) Time for Conception (Timing of Sowing) Reproductive health, in both men and women, depends on the health of the reproductive tissue or shukra dhatu. In women, shukra creates the ovum as part of the monthly cycle, and in men, the semen is formed due to sexual stimulation. The shukra is created as part of a long chain of metabolic transformations. It starts with the digestion of food, then goes on to the transformation of food to nutrient fluid, blood, muscle, fat, bone, bone marrow, and finally, to shukra tissue. Healthy shukra tissue, then, according to Ayurveda, depends on the health of all the other tissues in the body. Foods to Nourish All Seven Dhatus (Bringhana) Fresh, organic fruits and vegetables Dairy proteins, including milk, lassi, and panir (a fresh cheese made of milk) Whole grains Mung dhal Soaked almonds or soaked walnuts Dried fruits such as dates, figs, and raisins Sweet, juicy fruits such as mangoes, peaches, plums, and pears If your digestion is strong, eat urad dhal (available at Indian grocery stores) cooked with equal parts turmeric, cumin, coriander, and fennel. A banana cooked in ghee, cinnamon and cardamom is a tasty and wholesome dessert for people with strong digestion. Foods to Enhance the Reproductive Tissue (Vrishya) Asparagus Broccoli Milk Date-milk shake Mango milkshake Rice pudding Spices such as ajwain powder, cumin (which purifies the uterus in women and the genitourinary tract in men), turmeric (to improve the interaction between hormones and targeted tissues), and black cumin. In general, it's important to eat a wide variety of foods in order to receive all the essential nutrients. Keep trying new vegetables and fruits, and rotate your menus to make sure you're not eating the same thing day after day.

1944 people found this helpful

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What treatment for impotency? How to increase the spermatozoa production (low sperm count)

Dr. Prithviraj Singha 96% (13386 ratings)

BHMS

Homeopath,

Dear Lybrate User, A single sperm cell takes about 4 months to mature fully before it is being ejaculated. So I would request to continue the following medication for at least 6 months:- 1) Add 5 drops of each of Homoeopathic SELENIUM 1M + Homoeopathic AURUM MET 1M + Homoeopathic ZINCUM MET 1M in a glass of water & drink it early morning before brushing your teeth daily. Again prepare the same mixture & drink it before bathing. Repeat the same process again at evening daily 2) Take 60 drops of Homoeopathic STERLIN-M (REPL company), after lunch, in a cup of water. 3) Take 60 drops of Homoeopathic Mother Tincture ASHWAGANDHA Q, after dinner, in a cup of water. This combination of Homeopathic remedies have effectively increased the sperm count in about 95% of patients who are suffering from oligospermia as per my experience. Kindly note that this medication may not be sufficient enough to take care of your problem. These medicines are based on the symptoms of your diseased condition & these medicines need to be complemented by further deep-acting remedies in order to permanently eliminate the underlying cause of the disease. So I would suggest you to consult me privately via Lybrate as it is very necessary to diagnose the proper underlying cause of your problem if you are wishing for a permanent relief from your problems. A permanent annihilation of the underlying cause of the disease will not only provide you relief from your troubles but it will also cease any chance of further relapse of that particular disease condition. You can consult me privately through my private URL https://www.Lybrate.com/baharampur/doctor/dr-prithviraj-singha-homeopath Just open that URL & click on the red colored CONSULT ONLINE option.

I am 18 years old and I am masturbating what happens if I continuous this thus my sperms become week or thus they get over what happens. For example if I continuous this in future my wife will become pregnant or not?

Dr. Priya Barai 90% (47 ratings)

BAMS, PG-Diploma In (Cosmetology & Laser Therapy)

Ayurveda, Kolhapur

Masturbation is a natural process. If you have habit of masturbating, enjoy it. It doesn't affect your fertility or sperm count.

1 person found this helpful

Please suggest. Is there any chances of pregnancy after taking natron 200 mg capsules? And if it is taken through vaginal and sometimes capsule comes out in liquid form?

Dr. Girish Dani 90% (3277 ratings)

MD - Obstetrtics & Gynaecology, FCPS, DGO, Diploma of the Faculty of Family Planning (DFFP)

Gynaecologist, Mumbai

There is always a chance but not certainity as Any couple desirous of pregnancy and not getting same naturally must meet Gynecologist or infertility specialist accepting facts that it needs many reports and different trials of treatment. Means couple must have patience and go to one in whom they have trust to stick for long time. Liquid coming out is OK.

Hi, I am married for almost a year now. We have been trying to conceive since day 1 of marriage. We have not been able to successfully conceive. I am overweight by 20 kgs. I smoke 10 ciggerrates a day. Will I ever be able to make my wife conceive. I am thinking of visiting a doctor. How to chose a right doctor.

Dr. K.D Nayar 93% (649 ratings)

MD - Obstetrtics & Gynaecology, DGO, Dip.Obst.(Ireland), FICOG

IVF Specialist, Delhi

You need to stop smoking and reduce weight. But along with that you need to visit a good fertility specialist to get you semen examination done.

Gud evening docs m 26 years old I have a 5 years 7 month old daughter and I have a coperty fixed for 5 years my last periods I had was on 6 of March I have not got my periods this month (april) so can anyone pls help me y has this happened because as much I know I can't be pregnant as I have coperty but I have not taken the pregnancy test yet. TIA.

Dr. Jayvirsinh Chauhan 97% (9030 ratings)

MD - Homeopathy, BHMS

Homeopath, Vadodara

Copper t sometime fails. So don't be so sure. Check for urine pregnancy test first. If it comes negative then Consult a gynecologist for proper check up.

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