I wish to know about the symptoms and preventions of malaria. How we can prevent it at home. I also want to know about the typhoid symptoms.
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Hello, Malaria is an acute febrile illness. In a non-immune individual, symptoms appear 7 days or more (usually 10?15 days) after the infective mosquito bite. The first symptoms ? fever, headache, chills and vomiting ? may be mild and difficult to recognize as malaria. If not treated within 24 hours, P. Falciparum malaria can progress to severe illness, often leading to death. Children with severe malaria frequently develop 1 or more of the following symptoms: severe anaemia, respiratory distress in relation to metabolic acidosis, or cerebral malaria. In adults, multi-organ involvement is also frequent. In malaria endemic areas, people may develop partial immunity, allowing asymptomatic infections to occur. Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease of humans and other animals caused by parasitic protozoans (a group of single-celled microorganisms) belonging to the genus Plasmodium. The disease is transmitted by the biting of mosquitos, and the symptoms usually begin ten to fifteen days after being bitten. Prevention: Methods used to prevent malaria include medications, mosquito elimination and the prevention of bites. There is no vaccine for malaria. The presence of malaria in an area requires a combination of high human population density, high anopheles mosquito population density and high rates of transmission from humans to mosquitoes and from mosquitoes to humans. -Mosquito nets help keep mosquitoes away from people and reduce infection rates and transmission of malaria. Nets are not a perfect barrier and are often treated with an insecticide designed to kill the mosquito before it has time to find a way past the net. -Indoor residual spraying is the spraying of insecticides on the walls inside a home. -Cover over areas of stagnant, still water, such as water tanks that are ideal breeding grounds for the parasite and mosquito, thus cutting down the risk of the transmission between people. -There are a number of drugs that can help prevent or interrupt malaria in travelers to places where infection is common. Many of these drugs are also used in treatment. Typhoid: The incubation period of Typhoid (i. E. The period between exposure to an infection and the appearance of the first symptoms) is usually 1-2 weeks, and the duration of the illness is about 3-4 weeks. Symptoms include: Poor appetite Headaches Generalized aches and pains Fever as high as 104 degrees Farenheit (step-ladder pattern) Lethargy Diarrhea Chest congestion develops in many people, and abdominal pain and discomfort are common. The fever becomes constant. Improvement occurs in the third and fourth week in those without complications. Relapses are actually more common in individuals treated with antibiotics. Prevention & Management: Sanitation and hygiene are the critical measures that can be taken to prevent typhoid. Typhoid does not affect animals, so transmission is only from human to human. Typhoid can only spread in environments where human feces or urine are able to come into contact with food or drinking water. Careful food preparation and washing of hands are crucial to prevent typhoid.
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