Ovarian Cysts

Hello Everyone,

This is Dr. Sanket Pisat. I am a consultant Gynecological Laparoscopic surgeon working in Adheri in Mumbai

And today we are going to discuss about ovarian cyst. Cyst in the ovary is a very common finding that you will found reported on several ultrasound studies done women who have presented varying complaints. Cyst may be the cause of infertility which is the inability to get pregnant. They may be the cause of heavy menstrual bleeding or they may be a cause for continuous dilating pain abdomen which the woman is experiencing before her periods or unrelated completely to her period. There can be several reasons for why there are cysts in the ovary and likewise these cysts may or may not dangerous and may or may not require treatment at all. Some of the commonest cyst that are seen in the ovary are poly cystic ovaries which are multiple small fluid filled balloons present inside the ovary itself which are a collection of follicles not ruptured which should have ruptured every month with every menstrual cycle. A lot of time these patients with these kind of polycystic ovaries have got menstrual disturbance find it difficult to get pregnant. This particular kind of variances can be manages wit medicine alone without the need for surgery or very rarely a small laparoscopy procedure called: polycystic ovarian drilling may be done. The other larger cyst seen in the ovary may or may not be cancerous in origin. Some of these are called simple ovarian cysts, which are just fluids filled vesicles formed in the ovary during the process of menstruation but get dissolved as the periods have gone by. Some of these cyst are in born, like dermoid cyst which is a collection of fat within the ovary itself and sometimes women endometriotic cyst which is the collection of blood filled pockets within the ovary which cause tremendous pain during periods and make it difficult for the patient to get pregnant. Rarely however these cyst can actually be cancerous in origin or may be preload to a cancer so it is so it is important that they be investigated fully. Most of the times cyst can be diagnosed by an ultrasound examination alone but sometimes these cyst may require T scan or an MRI for a diagnoses. As far as treatment is concerned some cyst can be managed by medicines alone but a lot of times these cysts needs to be removed. Earlier this kind of surgery need to be performed by open surgery or by opening the abdomen but now by laparoscopy or minimally invasive surgery it is possible only two or three cuts on the abdomen and remove the ovarian cyst with minimal damage to the ovarian tissue that means only the cystic part of the ovary which is abnormal can be removed and the rest of the ovary be left behind in order to continue its reproductive function, to continue its hormones secreting function and cause no symptoms to the patient later on.

If you have any further questions I this regard please feel free to contact me via Lybrate. Thank you.