Sanjeevani Plus Institute Of Medical & Research Centre

हमारे पैर के नसों में अक्‍सर होने वाले अनचाहे दर्द की कई वजहें हो सकती हैं. जैसे इसके कुछ कारण तो मांसपेशियों में सिकुड़न, मांसपेशियों की थकान, ज्यादा टहलना करना, व्यायाम, तनाव, खून के थक्के जमने से बनी गांठ, घुटनों, हिप्स व पैरों में ठीक ढंग से रक्त संचरण न हो पाना आदि हैं. इसके अलावा पानी की कमी, सही भोजन न ले पाना, खाने में कैल्शियम और पोटेशियम जैसे खनिज पदार्थ और विटामिंस की कमी, अंदर गहरी चोट का लगना, किसी भी प्रकार का संक्रमण हो जाना, नाखून का पकना आदि भी इसके कारणों में शामिल हैं. कई बार तो शरीर की हड्डियों में कमजोरी होने से भी पैरों में दर्द की शिकायत हो जाती है. रासायनिक दवाइयों को ज्यादा मात्रा में लेने, चोट, त्वचा और हड्डियों से संबंधित संक्रमण, ट्यूमर, मोटापा, शुगर, आर्थराइटिस, हारमोनल प्रॉब्लम, नसों में दर्द और कोलेस्ट्रॉल के लेवल कम होने से भी पैर की नसों में दर्द की समस्या देखी जाती है. आइए इस लेख के माध्यम से पैर की नसों में होने वाले दर्द के कुछ संभावित उपचारों को जानें.

दूध के उत्पादों का भरपूर इस्तेमाल

यदि आप पैर की नसों में दर्द की समस्या से ग्रसित हैं. तो आपको दूध के उत्पादों का भरपूर मात्रा में इस्तेमाल करना चाहिए इसके साथ ही आप सोयाबीन सलाद आदि भी ले सकते हैं. जिससे कि आपके शरीर में विटामिन और अन्य पोषक तत्वों की आपूर्ति होती रहे इसके साथ ही आप खाने में कैल्शियम और पोटेशियम युक्त पदार्थों को ज्यादा से ज्यादा शामिल करें.

नियमित रूप से व्यायाम

पैर की नसों के दर्द से छुटकारा पाने के लिए आपको नियमित रूप से व्यायाम करना काफी लाभ पहुंचा सकता है. क्योंकि व्यायाम करने से आप शारीरिक और दिमागी तौर पर फिट रहते हैं. इसके साथ ही आप की पैर की नसों का दर्द भी खत्म हो सकता है.

नीम के पत्ते का इस्तेमाल

पैर की नसों में दर्द से पीड़ित व्यक्तियों नीम के पत्तों का इस्तेमाल करके अपनी परेशानी कम कर सकता है. इसके लिए आपको नीम के पत्तों को गर्म पानी में उबालकर इसमें थोड़ी सी फिटकरी मिक्स करना होगा. इसके बाद चाहने लायक गर्म हो जाने पर इस पानी में अपने पैर को 10 से 15 मिनट तक रखें.

कुछ खास तरह के स्ट्रेचिंग

पैर की नसों में दर्द को दूर करने के लिए कुछ खास तरह के स्ट्रेचिंग का भी सहारा लिया जा सकता है. इससे आपके पैर की नसों में रक्त संचार और मांसपेशियों की संरचना में सुधार आता है. जिससे आपकी परेशानी कम होती है.

सही डाइट लेना

पैर की नसों की समस्याओं को दूर करने के लिए यह आवश्यक है कि आप अपने वजन को नियंत्रित रखें. वजन को नियंत्रित रखने के लिए आपको सही डाइट लेना होगा. यदि आप फिटनेस और सही डाइट को ठीक तरह से फॉलो करें तो इस परेशानी से बच सकते हैं.

नियमित रूप से पानी पियें

फिल्म नियमित रूप से पानी पीते रहना भी हमारे शरीर की मांसपेशियों की सिकुड़न और पैरों के दर्द को कम करता है. किसी भी तरह की दया शुरू करने से पहले आपको सही मात्रा में पानी पीना चाहिए इससे आपको आपके पूरे शरीर हाइड्रेटेड रहती हैं.

भरपूर मात्रा में तरल पदार्थों का सेवन

यदि आप नियमित रूप से भरपूर मात्रा में पदार्थों जैसे कि जूस राजनीति रहे हैं. तो आप इस परेशानी से बच सकते हैं. आप हरी सब्जियां गाजर अंकुरित मूंग खट्टे फल संतरा अंगूर के लिए आदि का भी इस्तेमाल कर सकते हैं.

अन्य उपाय

* पिपरमेंट ऑयल या रोजमेरी ऑयल से पैरों की मालिश करें. वैसे लैवेंडर ऑयल भी मददगार होता है.
* गर्म पानी में ऑयल की बूंद डालकर सेंक लें. पैरों को पैडीक्‍योर करें और फिर क्रीम लगाकर रिलेक्‍स करें.
* कई बार पैरों में ब्‍लड सर्कुलेशन सही ढंग से न होने की वजह से भी पैरों में दर्द होने लगता है. इसलिए पैरों की हल्‍की मसाज दें, इससे भी दर्द चला जाता है.
* फुट मसाज: पैरों के दर्द को दूर करने में फुट मसाज बहुत कारगर होती है. टेनिस बॉल या रोलिंग पिन से आप फुट मसाज कर सकते हैं. इससे काफी राहत मिलती है.
* लैवेंडर ऑयल को दो चम्‍मच लें, इसमें ऑलिव ऑयल मिक्‍स करें और पैरों पर लगाएं. सर्कुलर मोशन में मसाज करें. आराम मिलेगा.
* लौंग के तेल को तिल के तेल के साथ मिलाकर पैरों में लगाएं. इससे पैरों की खुजली दूर होगी.
 

A Tennis elbow is a painful condition that affects the tendons due to a condition known as tendinitis, which causes inflammation. This condition will end up restricting the free movement of the elbow and the arm due to the pain and stiffness that it causes. This is due to the fact that these tendons are the tough band of connective tissues that hold the muscles and the lower arm with the bone. Repeated gripping motions and continued tugging as well as activities like weight lifting, tennis, squash and other like carpentry, painting writing and typing, can lead to this condition.

Here are a few methods of treatment and the questions that revolve around them.

1. Do I have to restrict my movements: Yes, when you have tennis elbow, the very first thing you must do is to give rest to the tendons by curbing those activities that have caused the condition or those which can aggravate the pain and stiffness. Lifting heavy objects, gripping things for prolong periods, other physical pursuits like tennis and other games and more will need to stop so that you do not stretch, strain or pull the tissue.
2. Can I take pain killers: Yes, you can take pain killers like ibuprofen and acetaminophen in case the pain is unbearable? Always ensure that an orthopaedic specialist takes a look at your arm before prescribing the medicines to you.
3. Is an ice compress good for this pain: You can use the RICE method for acute pain that is less than 72 hours old. For more persistent pain, you must see a doctor. The RICE method refers to Rest, Ice, Compression and Elevation. In this method, you can keep your arm elevated and give it rest. You can also use an ice compress and keep it tightly wound with an elastic bandage so as to avoid swelling.
4. Can I take injections for this condition: Corticosteroid injections may be used for very severe cases. This contains the cortisol hormone and can give good results in the short run.
5. Are there any non invasive methods for treatment: You can try non-invasive procedures like shock wave therapy which will help in fixing the pain and promote motion gradually. This procedure is usually conducted with the help of shock waves that are passed to the skin.
6. Is exercising a complete no no: In this case, many orthopaedic surgeons and doctors will ask you to go through physiotherapy so that you can get used to movements and motion after prolonged pain. These exercises will also strengthen the muscles of the area.

Talk to your doctor if the pain is particularly debilitating and discuss surgery for the same.

The shoulder is one of the most important joints in the body that uses a ball and socket to join the arm to the rest of the body. Any pain can make it difficult to carry out motion in a comfortable manner. The shoulder consists of the long arm bone called the humerus, the collarbone or the clavicle, as well as the shoulder blade called the scapula. A layer of cartilage provides essential padding to the bones in this area and its two main joints. There are a number of issues that can cause shoulder pain.

Let us get to know the six most common ones. 

1. Rotator Cuff Injury: This is the most common cause of shoulder pain and it occurs when the four muscles or the tendons are injured. These muscles and tendons usually control the movement of the arm. This injury can involve strains and tears which may also be caused by constant lifting of heavy objects. 
2. Rotator Cuff Tendonitis: This condition affects the tendons and muscles that help in moving the arm freely. This usually happens due to inflammation in the tendons. It is commonly experienced by patients who are actively involved in sports and other heavy physical pursuits in their line of work. 
3. Frozen Shoulder: This is a debilitating condition that restricts the free movement of the arm and is also known as adhesive capsulitis. When the shoulder tissues become too thick, it leads to the growth of scar tissue that hinders proper movement and causes pain. 
4. Osteoarthritis: Osteoarthritis is a condition that comes as part of aging bones that also become hollow and brittle over the passage of time, which leads to joint and bone pains in various parts of the body. It is a degenerative disease that is caused due to prolonged wear and tear as well as other factors including family history and sports injury.
5. Bursitis: This condition is known to affect the fluid-filled sacs that lie in between the joints. These are known as bursae. When the bursae suffers from swelling, the effect usually shows up as pain in the joints. 
6. Tendon Sheath Inflammation: The fibrous tissue that connects the bones and the muscles is called a tendon. The presence of the tendon makes it possible to pursue activities like running, jumping, lifting, gripping and more. It is protected by a sheath known as synovium, which also lubricates the same. Any injury or tear to this sheath can cause shoulder pain.

Acute and persistent pain that does not abate and gets even worse should be treated with immediate medical intervention.

Rotator cuff tendinosis, Frozen shoulder and Tendon sheath inflammation are more common in Diabetic patients. Essential part of treatment of these conditions include diabetes control and physiotherapy. However in chronic and refractory cases Arthroscopy may be required. Many times chronic rotator cuff tendinosis ends up in rotator cuff tear as a result of minor trauma.

Frozen shoulder is a condition where the patient encounters continuous shoulder stiffness and pain. It could last for several weeks. Inflammation around the shoulder increases the inability to move or stretch properly. This happens when somebody is recovering from an injury. Frozen shoulder can also occur when somebody is wearing a sling or a cast. It also occurs if someone is recovering from surgery or experiencing joint pain. It may also be experienced as a symptom of thyroid, joint disorders or diabetes.

Some of the causes and risk factors for creating a frozen shoulder are as follows:

1. If you are 40 years or older, your chances of a frozen shoulder are higher than others
2. Recovering from a damage or surgery
3. Hormonal imbalance
4. Ladies are more prone to a frozen shoulder
5. Cervical disc infection that influences the nerves around the shoulder
6. Not moving your arm because of other pain or wounds
7. Having a previous medical condition like diabetes or other heart diseases
8. Open-heart surgery or spinal surgeries
9. Poor diet and unhealthy lifestyle

The most widely recognized symptoms of a frozen shoulder include:

1. Stiffness around the shoulder: this usually happens in one shoulder at a time (not both) and will probably return in the same shoulder. Muscle, joint and bone agony in and around the shoulders or arms may be experienced.
2. Restricted scope of movement
3. Having difficulty moving and using the shoulders or arms ordinarily, (for example, experiencing difficulty in getting dressed, driving, holding objects before you, and gestures.)

Treatment:

1. Stretch the Shoulder: Before beginning shoulder exercises for a frozen shoulder, try to warm up your shoulder by doing a few warm up exercises. This will improve the blood supply in the affected area and avoid future injuries by making your body more comfortable with the motion. The best approach is to extend and warm up the shoulder by applying heat for 10 to 15 minutes, scrubbing down or showering with Epsom salt.
2. Non-intrusive treatment: While these activities mentioned above can be easily performed at home, if pain continues and makes it difficult to move around or work ordinarily, see a physiotherapist who can appoint particular activities and can enhance your scope of movement, flexibility and strength.
3. Acupuncture: Acupuncture is considered one of the best treatment choices for any joint and nerve related problem. The treatment is based on focusing on the trigger points of the pain and putting pressure on them via needles. The treatment is not painful and is known to produce good results in the long run.
4. Dietary Supplements: Various supplements can be taken with the recommendation of a doctor, in order to improve recovery. Alfaifa (horse feed) and turmeric are two of the most regularly recommended elements that relieve swelling and repair the tissue in the shoulder.

Knee pain is a common phenomenon that plagues most of the people irrespective of their age. It can be the outcome of a torn cartilage or a ruptured ligament. Medical complications, such as infections, gout or osteoarthritis (painful inflammation and stiffness of the joints) can also give way to knee pain. Minor knee pain can be eased by self-care remedies such as physical therapy or by putting on knee braces.

However, few difficult conditions might demand Interventional pain management procedures. Pain can be managed by the pain management specialists.(pain physician).

Tips to manage knee pain- 

1. Medications such as naproxen, ibuprofen and acetaminophen can be administered to help  knee pain. 

2. You can seek relief by massaging your knees with ointments constituting of a number of agents such as capsaicin or lidocaine. 

3. Keep away from your usual chores to prevent repetitive strains on the knees, thus, allowing the injury to heal as well as to stay safe from further damage. 

4. Compression bandages can inhibit fluid accumulation in the damaged tissues aiding knee alignment stability. Ensure that it is tight enough to render support to your knees without actually obstructing blood circulation. 

5. To pacify the swelling, try resting your sore leg on a pillow (the idea here is to keep the affected leg elevated to reduce further pain). 

6. Shed off your extra pounds as being overweight increases chances of other disorders such as osteoarthritis.

7. Go for regular work out to enhance and maintain the flexibility of your muscles as excessively weak or abnormally tight muscles can contribute to injuries. Be smart while choosing your method of exercise based on the condition you are suffering from.

8. If at all conservative management fails, you can consult pain physician for non- surgical management of your knee pain.  knee pain can be managed at pain clinic by different procedures such as PRP (Platelet rich plasma therapy), ozone therapy, prolotherapy , genicular nerve blocks as per grade of disease.

Hammer toe is a condition where the toe of the patient becomes deformed. The appearance of the toe will bear a downward curl that will make it look abnormal. This condition can mostly be seen during one childhood itself, and it usually known to affect the second or third tow on the foot.

Let us find out more about the symptoms, risk factors and treatment for this condition.

Symptoms - The sheer discomfort of walking around with a hammer toe is one of the first symptoms of the condition. The permanent damage will be visible in the way the toe curls and becomes deformed. The formation of corn or calluses is also a common symptom of this condition, while some patients may also experience the growth of claw like toes. Most patients feel pain when they are walking or running even as inflexibility sets in, which makes it difficult to flex the foot or stretch and wiggle the toes properly.

Risk Factors - While the most common causes of the hammer toe remain an injury or even arthritis, it may be seen that those with a family history and prolonged use of high and pointed heels may be at risk more than others. This deformity can happen at birth or may progress as age catches on, depending on the risk factors at play. Also, when the patient suffers from the growth of calluses, corn and bunions that go untreated for a long time, it may manifest into a hammer toe eventually. This happens because these growths can make the layer of the skin thick and lead to a perpetual formation in the area due to the constant friction that also causes pain and discomfort. People with a high foot arch are also at risk of developing a hammer toe.

Treatment - The orthopaedic specialist is the best person who can help with the diagnosis and treatment of this condition. While the diagnosis consists of the conduct of an X ray to find the cause and extent of the damage, the doctor may also conduct nerve function tests to find out if any nerves have been damaged for the condition to have taken place. Also, the specialist will try to find causes like ligament injuries and other such things that could have led to the condition. Accordingly, the treatment method will be put forth. A mild hammer toe can be treated by wearing more comfortable footwear with pads to treat corns and other growths. For a severe condition, surgery is the only way out.

Ensure that you report the smallest and most persistent changes to your doctor so that treatment can take place well in time.

The human hand is made up of 27 bones and a number of tendons and ligaments. An injury to any one of these bones or a disease that affects the bones and ligaments can make you experience excruciating pain in your hands. This pain can affect your ability to perform simple day to day tasks like holding a spoon or writing. Some common reasons your hand may pain are muscle strains, fractures, arthritis and carpal tunnel syndrome. Apart from pain relieving medication, there are a number of ways you can deal with this pain.

1. Hot and cold compresses: Hot and cold therapy is ideal for any type of muscle or ligament injury. A cold compress helps in reducing the pain and inflammation by constricting blood vessels and numbing the area. On the other hand, a hot compress dilates blood vessels and increases the flow of blood and oxygen to the affected area. Ideally, the two should be used alternatively for 10 to 20 minutes each. A bag of frozen vegetables or ice wrapped in a towel makes an easy cold compress. To treat your hand with heat, use a moist heating pad or a hot water bottle. You could also dip your hands in warm water.
2. Massage: A massage is a great way to treat hand pain that results from carpal tunnel syndrome. If the exact cause of pain is not known, massage the entire hand, wrist and forearm. A massage enhances blood flow to the area and hence improves flexibility and opens locked tendons. Using a few drops of essential oils such as lavender or rosemary can also aid in relieving hand pain.
3. Hand exercises: If your work involves repetitive actions like typing, knitting or embroidery, the muscles in your hand can get locked into position thereby, causing pain and discomfort. To relieve this it is important to take a break from this repetitive exercise every hour and flex your hand. Try bending your fingers forwards and backwards and rotating your wrists in both directions to ensure that your joints remain smooth.
4. Epsom salt water bath: For instant relief from intense hand pain, soak your hands in a bath made of hot water and epsom salts for 10 to 20 minutes. Follow this by wrapping your hands in a warm, wet washcloth and applying gentle pressure over the hand for 5-10 minutes. You should instantly feel relief from the pain and experience increased the flexibility of hand.

The human spine has 33 vertebrae. However, some conditions can fuse these vertebrae. Ankylosing Spondylitis is one such condition. This disease may also be known as AS or Bechterew's disease. It is an inflammatory disease that can make the spine less flexible by fusing the vertebrae of the lower back together. In some cases, it can also affect the rib cage and make it difficult to breathe. This disease typically affects more men as compared to women. Most patients begin showing symptoms in early adulthood.

Ankylosing Spondylitis affects the sacroiliac joints. These joints are located just above the tailbone. It causes inflammation of the spinal bones that in turn cause pain and stiffness. With time, this inflammation spreads to the entire spine and the vertebrae begin fusing together. This can make movement difficult and painful. In severe cases, it can also lead to the development of a hunchback. This disease also affects the other tissues of the body. For example, it can affect other joints and aggravate arthritis or affect organs such as the kidney, heart, lungs, and eyes.

A specific cause has not yet been identified for Ankylosing Spondylitis. However, studies show that genetic factors can be a trigger. In particular, the presence of the HLA-B27 gene increases a person’s risk of developing symptoms pertaining to this condition. However, it is important to note that merely the presence of this gene does not make Ankylosing Spondylitis inevitable. Other genes that are associated with this disease are ARTS1 and IL23R. These genes influence the functioning of the immune system. While it can affect people of all ages, adults are at a higher risk of suffering from this condition.

In many cases, the initial inflammation of the spine is due to a bacterial infection of microbial infection. Though the infection itself may be treated and cured, it may cause the immune system to react and trigger inflammation. Once activated, if the immune system cannot be turned off, this inflammation will continue and can trigger Ankylosing Spondylitis. In each case, the disease presents a unique pattern of progression.

There is presently no cure for this condition, but with an early diagnosis and treatment, the symptoms can be managed and progression can be slowed. This treatment usually takes the form of medication to relieve pain, inflammation and discomfort and physical therapy. Surgery cannot be used to treat Ankylosing Spondylitis but in cases where it has caused severe joint damage, surgery may be advised to replace the damaged joint.

Knee is a hinge joint where the lower leg bone tibia meets the thigh bone femur. During osteoarthritis, cartilage or ligament defects and degenerative arthritis, knee replacement surgery is recommended world-wide to get relief from extreme pain. Knee replacement surgery, also known as knee arthroscopy, is a surgical procedure, in which the affected knee joint is replaced with synthetic material. The most likely candidates for total knee replacement are the patients with severe destruction of the knee joint coupled with progressive pain and impaired function.

Modern technological advances have made computer assisted knee replacement surgery extremely popular around the globe. In this surgery, the surgeon is assisted by a computer to remove the optimum amount and angle of the bone, which otherwise is done by inspecting manually. This is an excellent example of surgery through small incision and it eliminates the chances of human error. A perfect alignment and balance is achieved and hence longevity is also increased to 20 - 30 years. Knee replacement surgery is also specific to gender as the anatomy of male and female patients is different.

There are many types of knee replacements, most common being the total knee replacement or Total Knee Arthroplasty. In addition, there is partial knee replacement, bilateral knee replacement, revision knee replacement and knee arthroscopy.

In knee replacement surgery, the worn out surfaces of joints of knee are replaced with artificial implant of plastic and metal. The lower end of the femur bone is removed and replaced with a metal shell. The upper end of the lower leg bone (tibia) is also removed and replaced with a channelled plastic implant with a metal stem. A plastic ball is also added under the kneecap depending on its condition. These artificial components are commonly referred as prosthesis. The design of these highly flexible implants replicate knee, with the rotating knee replacement implants assist in backward and forward swing of the legs.

Patients whose knee joints have been damaged by either trauma or progressive arthritis should consider total knee replacement surgery. Post-surgical hospital stay after knee joint replacement is usually three to five days. The surgery has a very high success rate and shows dramatic improvement after a month. This improvement is most notable one month or more after surgery. The pain caused by the damaged joint is reduced significantly when the new gliding surface is constructed during surgery. Initially, patient will walk with the help of a walking aid until the knee is able to support full body weight. After six weeks, patient can walk comfortably with minimal assistance. Patients with artificial joints are prescribed to take antibiotics during the course of any elective invasive procedures including dental work. Physiotherapy is an essential part of rehabilitation and it will increase the muscle strength and patient can enjoy most activities, except running and jumping.