Dr. Pradeep Garg

Gestational trophoblastic disease is when there are trophoblastic cells which are growing abnormally inside the uterus. It is a pretty rare disease. Gestational trophoblastic disease mostly occurs after conception. The trophoblastic cells are a sort of tumorous cells which surround the fertilized egg in the uterus. It is a very serious and painful condition which can even become cancerous.

Here are the treatments for gestational trophoblastic disease.

1. Hysterectomy: A hysterectomy is when the entire uterus is removed from the body using surgery. Hysterectomy is one of the most common methods to cure gestational trophoblastic disease. However, after the hysterectomy, a lot of beta human chorionic gonadotropin blood tests are administered every week. Beta human chorionic gonadotropin blood tests are sometimes shortened to B-HCG blood tests. Patients will also have to visit the doctor for up to 6 months every month following the hysterectomy. However, since a hysterectomy completely removes the uterus, it is probably a last resort option as the baby is kept in the uterus. Chemotherapy and dilation and curettage are perhaps better options if you have gestational trophoblastic disease.
2. Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy is usually done with one or more anti-cancer drugs. Chemotherapy is continued until the B-HCG or beta human chorionic gonadotropin levels are back to normal. If the chemotherapy does not reduce beta human chorionic gonadotropin levels or the tumor spreads to other parts of the body, then different treatment is required. This includes using chemotherapy for what is known as high-risk metastatic GTN for the gestational trophoblastic disease.
3. Dilation and curettage: This is a much less drastic procedure and is usually done when the tumor has not spread as much. A D&C which is the short form of dilation and curettage is performed so that the inner parts of the lining of the uterus as well as abnormal tissues are all removed. This is performed by dilating the cervix so that the inner parts of the lining of the uterus as well as the abnormal tissue is all removed. However, a dilation and curettage is safe only when you have a molar pregnancy.

In case you have a concern or query you can always consult an expert & get answers to your questions!

Everything You Want to Know About Penis Size But Are Afraid to Ask - The Folly of Modern Stereotypes

A curious episode happened in the small city-state of Singapore in the fall of 1967. More than 400 panic-stricken men rushed to the hospitals there, fearing losing their penises.

According to Dr. Scott Mendelson, author of the book The Great Singapore Penis Panic:

"Each feared that if his penis shrank away completely, he would die. Some came with lucky red strings tightly wrapped around their penises to prevent the lethal disappearance. Others had clamps holding their wayward organs in place. Most often it was a firm grasp of a hand, their own or a frightened family member's that prevented the shrinking penis from slipping away and taking their lives with it."

Of course, none of these men would lose his penis. What happened was mass hysteria resulting from rumors that the pork they were eating could cause the penis to shrink. After public announcements by the government clearing the rumor, the panic that terrorized the city vanished into thin air.

Even though similar mass hysterical fear of losing one's penis also occurred in China and Africa in the past, it is much more common in our society for a man to be excessively preoccupied with the size of his penis-- more specifically, that it is not long enough.

Most men will agree that his penis is one of the most important things to him in the whole world. Almost all men have anxiety about the size, mostly the length, of their penises at some point in their lives. This preoccupation will pass for most. But for others, the anxiety persists and can become very disabling.

Shame, Embarrassment, and Distorted Perceptions

The afflicted men feel not just embarrassment about the perceived small size of their manhood; they may be embarrassed by the anxiety itself as well.

The anxiety can cause low self-esteem. It triggers sexual dysfunction including performance anxiety and avoidance of sex. It wrecks relationships. It can also prevent a man from participating in sports for fear of other men making fun of the perceived shortcoming in locker rooms.

This problem only matters when one believes that he has a small penis. It does not matter that the issue is of no importance to others. It also really does not matter to the man that the size of his penis is actually within the normal range. His distorted self-perception has made it a psychological problem.

Unfortunately, there seem to be more and more men concerned with their penis size even though theirs are perfectly normal. The easy availability of pornography is blamed as one of the major causes for this trend. The sight of male porn stars may make a man mistakenly feel that he is held to a high standard that in fact is an extreme.

One can argue for whatever reason whether a larger size penis is more desirable. But if you look at Ancient Greek art, it seems that a small penis was considered more culturally desirable in men. If you do not believe me, just Google "Greek art" and look at the sculptures and artworks glorifying male beauty listed under the image section.

No matter the size, for the purpose of heterosexual intercourse, an erect penis can fill the vagina completely. The vagina of a woman not having given birth is about 3 inches long when not excited. Even when aroused, it may extend to 4 inches. For an erect penis longer than 4 inches, as long as the penis is inserted very slowly, the vagina can stretch to accommodate it.

Along with making self-comparisons to porn stars, a man may think he has a small penis because of the widely reported work of Alfred Kinsey. In 1948 Dr. Kinsey published a report stating that the average erect penis size is 6.2 inches (15.75 cm). Dr. Kinsey got his number from questioning 3500 men.

But there was a major flaw in his research. He did not measure the actual size of these men. Instead, each man returned a postcard to Kinsey's team with the self-measured number on it.

Since then, many studies have shown that when objective researchers take the measurements, average penis size tends to be smaller.

The Real Truth

Most experts would agree that the mean erect penis size is somewhere between 5.1 to 5.9 inches (12.9 to 15cm). A controversial paper by Dr. Richard Lynn published in the journal Personality and Individual Differences claims that in general, Black men tend to have a larger average size, while Asian men's tend to be smaller.

The size of the penis will always look shorter as a man looks down because of foreshortening. Meanwhile, others' will look slightly longer sideways because of an optical illusion. This effect is similar to when the full moon looks bigger above the horizon behind buildings than when it is in mid-sky.

A penis may also look even shorter to its owner because of thick pubic hair, or when a big portion of it is buried under the fat pad in the pubic area.

I recall a patient commented on his obesity this way, "Doc, I am so fat I cannot even see my penis!" Not only did the thickness of the skin hide the base of his member, his protruding belly also obstructed the view completely.

The penis can temporarily retract due to exposure to cold, or from nervousness. During the great Singapore penis panic, either of these two reasons most likely caused the initial symptoms.

Ayurveda is the traditional medicine system from India and is a result of the dedicated pursuits of sages and practitioners who worked to identify the precious herbs in natural environment and determined the specific methods of their use for relief in different ailments and conditions. The mode of treatment in Ayurveda is very generic because the objective is to correct the underlying doshas and thus establish the vital balance in the mind and body. Ayurveda also offers to cure the infertility problems in males and females and recommends specialty therapies and procedures that make use of the power of herbs to relieve the problem. Uttar Basti is one such Ayurvedic process that is actually a type of panchkarma treatment administered through the vaginal and urinary tracts in females and males respectively. This process uses herbal decoctions that cleanse and nourish the internal organs towards treatment of the disorder.

Infertility treatment in females

Infertility conditions are very complex and could be the result of different reasons that may or may not be evident. In females, the infertility conditions can result from the inability to ovulate or if the fallopian tubes are blocked then the egg so released would fail to reach to the uterus for fertilization with the sperm. Other reasons for infertility in females could be related to uterus malfunctions like the non conducive atmosphere for fertilization or impregnation of the fertilized ovum. These are the direct reasons that generate infertility while the underlying hormonal imbalances could be also an independent or allied cause. Uttar Basti Ayurvedic treatment for infertility problems in females involves delivering the special herbal decoction made in oil into the uterus through the vaginal orifice. Ayurvedic hospital Pune administers this procedure in a professional manner through dedicated implements and care is taken to prevent any kind of infections.

Treatment of infertility in males

Infertility problems in males could be due to impotency (the inability to develop erections for penetrative intercourse) or because of the problems related to semen/sperm production and quality. Often such problems are caused due to improper functioning of the sex glands like the prostate that gets ridden with infection or other conditions. Uttar Basti treatment is also administered in males to treat the problems related to the sex glands. In males, the herbal decoction is delivered through the urethral passage in penis. This is done through special implements like a flexible tubing that is inserted into penis to carry the herbal liquid. Leading Ayurvedic medicine Pune center specializes in this technique for treatment of infertility problems in both men and women.

Benefits of Uttar Basti

Uttar Basti Ayurvedic treatment has been found very effective in relieving the problem of blockages in fallopian tubes and clearing of infections in the uterine cavity which is causing the fertility issues. The herbal decoction is prepared with specialty herbs that nourish the sex organs internally to boost their capacity to help in conception. In males also, this decoction not only cures the infection and inflammation conditions of prostate but it also strengthens the sex organs towards effective production of fluids and thus cure infertility problems.