Jaundice is a medical condition, which is characterized by the yellow coloring of the skin and eyes. It generally occurs when there is an excess of bilirubin in your system. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment formed in the liver by the breakdown of red blood cells. It normally gets discharged by the liver along with other dead red blood cells. So if you are suffering from jaundice, it usually indicates that you have some serious problems regarding the functioning of your liver, pancreas, or gallbladder.

Signs and symptoms
Signs and symptoms commonly associated with jaundice include:
1.  Yellow-tinted eyes and skin
2.  The whites of your eyes may turn orange or brown in color
3.  Dark urine
4.  Pale stools
5.  High fatigue and vomiting (in severe cases)

Causes
Jaundice, as mentioned above, occurs when there is an excess of bilirubin and the liver is incapable of metabolizing it along with the old red blood cells. It is more common in infants than in adults, because their livers are not fully developed. However, it is also a frequent occurrence in adults and could be a potential sign of any of the following problems:
1.  Liver infection
2.  Scarring of the liver, or cirrhosis
3.  Hepatitis
4.  Alcohol abuse
5.  Liver cancer
6.  Gallstones
7.  Pancreatic cancer
8.  Blood disorders, like hemolytic anemia
9.  Parasites in the liver
10. Abnormal reactions to or overdose of medication

Diagnosis
Diagnostic tests may include:
1. Jaundice is diagnosed primarily by taking blood tests, to help measure the amount of bilirubin as well as to trace the presence of other diseases like Hepatitis.
2. Liver function tests in order to make comparisons between levels of certain proteins and enzymes when the liver is in good shape and when it is damaged.
3. Liver biopsies, where samples of liver tissue are first extracted and later examined under a microscope.
4. Imaging studies, consisting of abdominal ultrasounds, computed tomography scans and magnetic resonance images (MRI) tests.

Signs, Symptoms and Diagnosis of Jaundice

Infants often suffer from certain diseases which need proper care and timely treatment for quick recovery. At times, it can be difficult to communicate with an infant and understand his/her needs and problems but with a close observation you will surely be able to detect any alteration in the baby's behavior and sense it when he/she is ill. Here are some of the most common diseases infants are susceptible to and what you can do about them.

1. Abdominal distension
It is normal for a baby's belly to stick out after he/she has been fed, but if between feedings there is swelling in the abdomen or it feels hard, it can be an indication of a problem. If this symptom is accompanied by vomiting and absence of bowel movements for more than two days, your baby may be suffering from abdominal distention. This condition may have been caused by swallowing of extra air by the baby while crying or feeding. In such a situation, a pediatrician should be consulted for proper diagnosis and treatment.

2. Jaundice
It is common among newborns to develop mild forms of jaundice as the undeveloped liver is often not able to eliminate the chemical bilirubin from the blood. Mostly, this situation proves to be harmless till the level of bilirubin reaches a certain limit. After that, the disease must be properly treated to avoid damage to the baby's brain or nervous system.

3. Rsv infection
Rsv or respiratory syncytial virus is responsible for causing respiratory problems among infants. Rsv infection usually affects the bronchial passage and shows symptoms like cough, runny nose and mild fever which may even lead to bronchitis. Moreover, this infection may also develop into viral pneumonia, which makes it more important to consult a pediatrician if your baby shows any of the above symptoms.

4. Diarrhea
Infants are susceptible to watery bowel movements due to the action of virus, allergens, specific medications or bacteria. If you observe that your baby is passing stools more often than usual and it is watery, then it may be a case of diarrhea. Sometimes, these symptoms are accompanied by high fever, abdominal pain, lethargy, vomiting, dry eyes and mouth etc. In this situation you should consult your pediatrician and focus on replacing the fluids your baby has lost, to prevent dehydration.

4 Common Diseases that Babies are Susceptible To

Jaundice is a disease which causes the skin and the sclerae of the eye to turn yellow. It is caused by hyperbilirubinemia or excess secretion of bilirubin into the blood. The body fluids may also turn yellow. The shade of the skin depends on the bilirubin level. A mild increase in the bilirubin turns the skin pale yellow, and high level makes the skin turn brown.

There are three primary types of jaundice:

    Hepatocellular jaundice: This type of jaundice occurs due to liver disorders.
    Hemolytic jaundice: This type of jaundice occurs due to the breakdown of erythrocytes or red blood cells, and then excess bilirubin is produced.
    Obstructive jaundice: This type of jaundice develops due to an obstruction in your bile duct, restricting the bilirubin to exit the liver.

The common causes of jaundice are as follows:

    Inflammation of the liver disables the secretion and production of bilirubin and results in a buildup of bilirubin.
    Inflammation of the bile duct disables the secretion of bile juice, which results in bilirubin removal and leads to jaundice.
    In case the bile duct gets obstructed, the liver cannot dispose the bilirubin and leads to hyperbilirubinemia.
    Hemolytic anaemia may result in jaundice. When a large number of red blood cells break down, bilirubin production gets enhanced.
    An inherited condition known as Gilbert s syndrome may also lead to jaundice. The enzyme s ability to process bile excretion is also impaired.
    Another medical condition called Cholestasis disrupts the flow of bile from the liver. The conjugated bilirubin containing bile remains in the liver and leads to jaundice.
    Jaundice is also caused from alcoholic liver disease, caused due to excess alcohol consumption.

Treatment of jaundice
Jaundice itself cannot be cured and hence, the underlying cause of the jaundice is treated. Different types of jaundice are cured using different methods:

    Jaundice induced by anaemia can be cured by increasing the iron amount in your blood. This is done by intake of iron supplements or having iron rich food.
    Jaundice caused from hepatitis is treated by injections of anti-viral and steroid medicines.
    Obstruction induced jaundice has to be treated by surgical means. The obstruction is removed by surgery.
    Jaundice inflicted from medication is usually treated by choosing alternative medicines and abstaining from the medicines which caused the jaundice.
    Jaundice can be kept away if you take proper care of your liver. For this, you should eat a balanced diet, work out regularly and prohibit yourself from consuming excess of alcohol.

Jaundice is the most common type of liver disorder and occurs in people of all ages and also in newborn babies. Keep away from contaminated food and water, if you want to avoid jaundice.

Jaundice - 7 Factors That Can Cause It

Biliary stricture or a bile duct stricture is a condition where the bile duct narrows due to the presence of scar tissues in the body. There are many reasons for scar tissue formation   bile duct surgery, stone in the bile duct or exposure of the abdominal area to radiation. 

This condition can be either malignant or benign. In some cases, the presence of a tumour in the gallbladder can narrow the bile ducts. 

Signs of biliary stricture  

Bile ducts are very small. Because their diameter ranges from 4-10 millimetres, they can easily be blocked by scar tissue. The symptoms are similar to other disorders of the bile duct, where the bile duct is blocked. This stops it from releasing bile into the intestine. 

The symptoms may take a while before they become obvious. In fact, they may take several years as scar tissue takes time to develop.

The common signs are  

Stomach pain, especially on the right side

Fever

Itching

Your skin and eyes turn yellow 

The stools are light coloured

Fatigue

No appetite

Besides this, the biliary stricture can also cause organ inflammation. Liver, gallbladder, and pancreas are the most vulnerable ones in this regard. It can also lead to low blood pressure and sepsis (infection of the blood). 

The link between jaundice and biliary stricture

Because biliary stricture blocks bile ducts, the level of bile in the blood can increase. This may happen because the bile won t follow its normal route   from the liver to the intestine. Hence jaundice might occur.

To treat jaundice resulting from biliary stricture, the first line of treatment involves IV fluids, antibiotics, and antiviral medications. If that doesn t work, then surgery may be necessary to get rid of the bile duct obstructions.

Apart from this, you will also need to adopt certain self-care practices such as alcohol avoidance, proper hydration, and adhering to strict dietary guidelines.



Biliary Stricture & Jaundice - Know The Link!


How To Prevent Jaundice

During monsoons, many people fall prey to Jaundice. Not to be taken lightly, jaundice can prove fatal if strict care is not taken. However there are ways to ensure that we don't fall sick with jaundice. The four main ways in which it spreads are.

1. Enlargement of liver
2. Loss of blood
3. Infection
4. A previous ailment which has left bacteria in the body

SYMPTOMS: Once can have jaundice any time of the year however one needs to be extremely careful during the months of monsoon. The symptoms of jaundice are.
1. Nails and eyes become yellow
2. Skin and urine change colour to yellow
3. Loss of appetite and irritability
4. Loss of taste
5. Nausea and vomiting
6. Tiredness and weakness
7. High temperature with shivering
8. Taste/tongue becomes bitter
9. Vision also becomes yellow
10. Stool changes colour to yellow or black
11. Heavy pulse and headache

DO’s & DON’Ts
Once diagnosed, patients have to be on strict bed rest with regulated medication on diets. They are advised to drink a lot of sugarcane juice, radish juice, glucose water, take ample rest and not do anything strenuous.

Fried and oily foods are strictly prohibited. Ghee, oil, butter or cream should not be consumed. Alongside, vegetables like okra arbi, brinjal and cauliflower should not be consumed. Alcohol, tobacco, tea, coffee and hot & spicy foods are not allowed.

What jaundice patients should eat are light and healthy foods that are easy to digest. Sugarcane juice, tomato juice, lime water, carrot juice, orange juice, and sweet lime juice should be given to the patient. The patient is allowed to drink only boiled water as resistance to infection is very low at this point of time.
 
Moong and masur dals should be included in the diet, along with lots of buttermilk, without any spices in it. It is very important to follow the diet plan as given by the doctor.

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Monsoon Time Prevention For Jaundice: DO's & DONT's

Jaundice is a disease that is caused by high levels of bilirubin in the human body. It is a serious condition of the liver that needs to be treated on time because it leads to weakness, weight loss, fever, loss of appetite and other disturbing symptoms. It severely affects the functioning of the liver and since the liver is one of the most important organs of the body, its dysfunction can cause a lot of trouble to the patient. So, most of them prefer Ayurvedic treatment to get jaundice cured as allopathic medicines are harsh and not every patient can handle them with weak immunity.



Ayurveda treatment principle in jaundice
In Ayurveda, jaundice is known as  Kamala  and it is believed to be caused by pitta aggravation. When the liver starts producing bile in excess, the liver becomes dysfunctional and it causes jaundice. Therefore, Ayurveda tries to correct this aggravation. It focuses on curing the pitta imbalance and therefore, all of the Ayurvedic medicines that are used to treat jaundice have diuretic, detoxification, anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. These medicines work by flushing out the toxins, in this case, excessive pitta from the liver, while also relaxing the liver muscles.

Ayurvedic medicine effects
Medicines have anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties and it restores the normal functions of the liver. So, Ayurveda aims to correct the root cause of the disease and does not suppress the symptoms of the disease. It cures the disease completely without being harsh on the liver. Also, the diet guidelines prescribed in Ayurvedic treatment increase the efficiency of the medicines, thereby, helping in quicker recovery.

Liver cleansing in jaundice
In the Ayurvedic treatment of jaundice, correction of pitta dosha is the prime goal. Even the therapies help in detoxifying the body so that the liver does not have to work hard to remove the toxins. The idea is to restore the liver to its previous state so that it can perform the normal functions without any trouble. So, all the Ayurvedic remedies work at strengthening the liver and it can be done only when the liver does not have excess pitta in the form of toxins.

Also, excess water and fluid intake are especially emphasized during Ayurvedic treatment and the motive behind this instruction is also the same   to expel the toxins. The liver is badly affected by jaundice. The excessive bile secretion makes it work extra hard to filter the toxins, which puts additional strain on the liver and as a result, it gets inflamed.

Ayurveda is a holistic and permanent curing system that works to provide lasting relief to the patient. It does not harm the body either and the remedies are always in sync with the medical state of the patient. Ayurveda diagnoses the patient before prescribing the medicines as every patient differs from another.

In case you have a concern or query, you can always consult an ayurvedic doctor for a proper line of treatment.

Treatment Of Jaundice - The Ayurvedic Approach!

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