Dr. Lata Usha Wadawe

Headaches can be troublesome and hamper the day to day activities. It does not let you concentrate on anything and the simmering pain can be irritating.

Headache is a pain in any part of the head, including the scalp, upper neck, face (including the eye area). A primary headache is caused by problems with or overactivity of pain-sensitive structures in your head. A primary headache isn't a symptom of an underlying disease.

The three most common causes of a primary headache are:

1. Migraine
2. Cluster headache
3. Tension-type headache

Some primary headaches can be triggered by lifestyle factors, including:

1. Changes in sleep or lack of sleep
2. Skipped meals
3. Certain foods, such as processed meats that contain nitrates
4. Alcohol, particularly red wine
5. Poor posture
6. Stress

How to deal with headache:

1. Find your Triggers: Find and limit your triggers like certain food types as well as stress and certain seasonal changes. Stepping out in the summer with an umbrella and avoiding caffeine or too much of chocolate and cheese can also help in alleviating the pain. Stress is also a major factor that contributes to headaches and should be avoided in order to prevent or stop the pain.
2. A Soothing Break: Find a quiet place with dim lighting to take a break that should ideally last at least half an hour to one hour, or even more. This will help in diminishing and removing the pain. You can also use a cold compress and get yourself a massage.
3. Take an Over the Counter Drug: Taking an over the counter drug for instant pain relief can stop the pain and give temporary or long term relief, depending on the kind of headache you are experiencing. It is advisable to speak with a doctor before taking any kind of drug.

My name is Dr. Asha Khatri. I had passed MD in 1977 and obstetrics and gynecology from Pandit LNM Medical College, Raipur with gold medal and distinction. My special interests are infertility, high risk pregnancy, delivery and endoscopy. Today I am going to share with you some important topics related to obstetric which will help you in taking the proper decision. Premarital counseling is very important because so many conditions which you are not aware of can affect your obstetric outcome.

First you should know the HIV status of both the partners because if one is HIV positive the other can get the infection from the partner and if the mother is HIV positive then the baby can get infection from the mother during pregnancy. At the time of delivery, RH factor is decided by the type of protein on the red blood cells and it is also called NTJ. Most of the people have protein or RH Factor on the red blood cells and they are said to be RH positive and those they do not have the RH factor of protein on the cells are said to be RH negative. If RH negative mother carries an RH positive fetus during pregnancy, a small amount of leak or fetal blood cells takes place into the maternal circulation during pregnancy and at the time of delivery mother's body produces antibodies to fight the RH factor on the fetal red blood cells. These antibodies cross the placenta and reach the fetus and they destroy the fetal red cells and produce a condition called hemolytic disease of the newborn. In mild cases, the baby will develop the jaundice ; In moderate cases, it is the anemia of the newborn ; and in the sever cases the baby dies inside the uterus.

There is a way to prevent the formation of her body from forming antibodies rh- globulin containing RH. Antibodies should be injected into the Rh negative mother during pregnancy and just after delivery with readymade antibodies now available. The mother's body seems no need to make her own antibodies.

Thalassemia is a genetic blood disorder affecting the red blood cells it affects 7-8% of the Indian population. Some of the high risk communities are Sindhi Punjabi's lohanas Maymans and Bhanushalis.

Two main forms of thalassemia are:

• Thalassemia minor
• Thalassemia major.

Thalassemia Minor- People with thalassemia minor generally healthy, though they may suffer from mild anemia.

Thalassemia Major- Child with thalassemia major is born when both parents are carriers of thalassemia minor. Thalassemia major is a fatal blood disorder.

A regular transfusion is essential to enable proper growth and development of the child throughout the life. Proper planning and use of 100% sure and safe method of contraception should be used to avoid the unwanted pregnancy before marriage.

Now I am going to tell you about pre-pregnancy counseling. Antenatal care begins long before the patient becomes pregnant. All the patients should visit the gynecologist before pregnancy. Those patients who are at risk of medical and offset complications should visit to know when to become pregnant. Medical complications like diabetes, hypertension, thyroid, asthma, tuberculosis during pregnancy can cause genetic disorder. If patient has genetic disorder then they can choose not to become pregnant and may decide for adoption. Follic acid should be started three months before becoming pregnant to prevent the development of neural tube defects like spinal bifida and anencellaly.

For more information you can contact me through lybrate.com