Dr. Harvinder Singh

Arachnoiditis is a sort of inflammation of the defensive layers of the spinal canal. You can envisage it as the scar tissues that enlarge in the arachnoid lining. Also the lining can turn out to be inflamed due to the recurrent intervention on the spine, a lot of surgeries can lead to the scarring, for instance. It can also expand due to definite type of the spinal infections as well as due to the chemicals of epidural steroid injections, particularly if these kinds of chemicals get into the spinal fluid.

As the disease increases day by day, the symptoms also become bigger in magnitude. A lot of people who are suffering from this type of problems are incapable of working. Further due to Arachnoiditis the following symptoms are likely to happen

1. Grounds of the nerve roots to plod together
2. The nerve pain
3. The numbness
4. The tingling

Radio Frequency rhizotomy is primarily effectual on the joint pain. Patients who are good candidates for the RF have the pain whilst they're doing activities that increase the stress of the spine. Also the RF blocks all the nerves around the joint from sending the pain signals to the brain, as well as that pain free period normally lasts around one year. In that time, patients have to learn regarding the postural correction as well as the good body mechanics. RF presents the patients an option to get back their mobility as well as provide training regarding the movements of their daily lives with the less pain.

The details of information about drugs which might help arachnoiditis:
There are lots of pain management treatments available. Further patients might try the medications to find out the pain relief. A number of options are:

1. The NSAIDs ( one kind of the anti-inflammatory drugs)
2. The corticosteroids kind of drugs
3. The anti-spasm type of the drugs
4. Also an anti-convulsant drugs as well as
5. The narcotic type of the pain relievers

A number of these types of medications might be given with a spinal pump. That is the little device which is entrenched under the skin and it then distributes the medication straightly to the inflamed area.
Also the patients might also take the spinal cord stimulation. On the other hand, the natural type of the treatments can assist, also, as well as it can often be utilized in conjunction with the prescribed type of the medication. You can also consult with a doctor about your options regarding your treatments.

Your knee is guarded and cushioned by a cartilage known as meniscus. A meniscus tear, therefore, is an extremely painful and discomforting situation. It occurs very frequently and has emerged as one of the most commonly occurring cartilage injuries. What makes a meniscus tear an extremely common phenomenon is the way it can tear that is all it takes is a twist of the knee for it to happen.

People involved in sports mostly face the brunt of this form of injury. The risk of getting meniscus torn increases with age and tends to occur at the slightest change of direction of movement. 

Symptoms 
Some of the symptoms of a torn meniscus are:

1. Pain and inflammation: It goes without saying that an internal injury of the cartilage or tearing away of it would inevitably result in extreme pain and inflammation near the knee.
2. Immobility: The extreme pain and inflammation, which follows will inevitably make it difficult to move. Since the pain occurs in the joint, you will have difficulty in walking and any forceful movement will only aggravate the pain.
3. Locking of the knee: Locking of the knee refers to a situation when you are unable to move your knee. This occurs most commonly after you have your meniscus torn.

Treatment
Notwithstanding its frequency of occurrence, there are several ways, by which you can treat a torn meniscus. Some of the ways are:

1. Apply ice: In order to get some relief, applying ice is a suitable option. If you apply ice every day for some time, it wonders in reducing swelling and the consequent pain.
2. Use a bandage: In order to control the swelling, it is important that you cover your knee with an elastic bandage.
3. Change the posture: It is important that you keep the affected knee in an elevated plane, in order to ensure an efficient blood supply and a consequent relief from pain.

Some Medical Treatments
There are many things to consider when deciding how to treat your torn meniscus, including the extent and location of the tear, your pain level, your age and activity level, your doctor's preference, and when the injury occurred. Your medical treatment choices are:

1. Nonsurgical treatment with compression, elevation, and physical therapy. This may include wearing a temporary shoulder brace.
2. Surgical repair to sew the tear together.
3. Partial meniscectomy, which is surgery to remove the torn section.
4. Total meniscectomy, which is surgery to remove the entire meniscus. This is generally avoided, because this option increases the risk for osteoarthritis in the shoulder.
5. Whenever possible, meniscus surgery is done using arthroscopy, rather than through a large cut in the shoulder. If you wish to discuss about any specific problem, you can consult an Orthopedist.

I am Dr Hardik Ghundiyal, practising orthopaedics surgeon since 7 years in Bombay. I am mainly into minimal Invasive Joint replacement surgeries.

Knee Replacement surgeries have been done all over the globe since last 30 years. And they have been very successful. In the past, if the patients had arthritis, we could only give them pain killers. But as if now when a patient comes with knee stiffness, pain, deformity, we can provide them with the total knee replacement. We always give a non-surgical conservative approach to the patient when the patient comes with arthritis. If that fails and they are not relieved from the pain, then we give them the option of total knee replacement. About 5,000,00 total knee replacement is being done all over the globe every year. Most of the people who have experienced knee replacement they think that they could have done it before because the pain relief is so good.

When we do a total knee replacement, we do not cut 2 inches or 3 inches of bone from the thigh, instead, we do re-surfacing of the knee. In the normal knee, there are smooth surfaces on the both sides which glide easily when the movement of the knees are done. But in the arthritic knee, the surface is pitted and get rough because of which the pain is there when they glide on each other.

In the total knee replacement surgery, we change the rougher surface into a smooth gliding prosthetic material so that they glide on each other without any pain and patient get pain free movements. The material has been improved drastically from last 15-20 years. The process however remains the same but the plastics, the poly ethylene which is used in between the metal surfaces have been improved drastically by durability as well as the strength. The research has improved the longevity and the prosthesis.

During surgery, we use a muscle sparing approach, that means we do not cut-open muscles while doing the surgery. The patient is mobile as early as possible. The patient is able to stand and walk up on the same day of the surgery. If a patient is comfortable, we make them able to walk also. Hence the hospital stay is reduced and it is minimized to 2-3 days only.

The recovery of the patients depends on how active was the patient pre-operative. Some patients need a walker, walking aid, some patients are mobile without any support. Most of the times, you can get back an activity within month time a surgery.

For more information, you can contact me through lybrate.com.