Dr. Vijaya Kumar H A

Types, symptoms and treatment for Diabetes

Hello viewers, mera naam Dr. Ritez Kumar hai. Main M.D Medicine hu and I have a keen interest in treating Diabetes. Aaj hum thoda diabetes ke baare mei jaanege ke kya precautions hai? Kyun hota hai? Aur kaise hum ekatthe ho kar visualize therapy taiyaar karte hai.

Toh pehle hum shuru karte hai ke diabetes hai kya?

Jab bhi hum khaana khate hai toh wo absorb hota hai aur sugar humare blood mein jaata hai. Is sugar ko use karne ke liye insulin naam ki ek hormone ki zarurat hoti hai aur is insulin ka kaam hota hai ki ye aapke cells mein is sugar ko use karwaye. Toh fir, generally diabetes do tarah se hota hai; ya toh aap insulin bana nahi rahe ya aapke body mein insulin resistance hai arthaat insulin aapki body mein kaam nahi kar paa raha hai. Bas inhi do kaarano se diabetes hota hai.

Diabetes ka pata kaise chalta hai?

Generally koi symptoms hote hai jaise ki thakavat aana, bahut zada pyaas lagna, unintended weight loss hona, baar baar pishaab ko janaa, inhi kuch symptoms ke sath diabetes ka diagnosis hota hai. Agar aapke ghar pe kisi ko diabetes hai, agar aap pregnant hai, 30 saal ke upar hai, lifestyle aapki active nahi hai yaani ki baithe rehne ka hi zada kaam hai toh aap apne diabetes ya sugar ka test zaroor karwaye. Diabetes generally do ya teen type ke hote hai ek Type 1 Diabetes hota hai jisme insulin banta hi nahi, iska treatment kewal aur kewal insulin hi hai. Zada tar logo mein Type 2 Diabetes hota hai jisme insulin banta hai par aapki body usse use nahi kar paati. Teesri jo common tarah ki diabetes hai usse hum Gestational diabetes bolte hai jo ki pregnant females mein hota hai. Diabetes ka test bahut simple hai, isme ek blood test kiya jata hai, fasting blood sugar aapka agar 125 ya usse zada hai toh aapko diabetes hai.

Ek test hota hai HbA1c jo ki teen mahine ka average batata hai aapke sugar ka, agar aapka HbA1c 6.5 se zada hai toh bhi aapko diabetes hai. Zadatar time ab hum random ya khane ke baad wala sugar nahi karte lekin fir bhi agar aap kabhi karate hai aur 200 se zada aata hai toh aapko further test ki zarurat hai ye pata karne ke liye ke aapko sugar hai ya nahi hai. Diabetes se diqatte kya hoti hai? Dekhiye, diabetes jo hai wo ek progressive bimaari hai as such bade saare logo ko lagta hai ki ye jo thakavat hai, ye jo weight loss ho raha hai, ye normal lifestyle ka part hai but aisa hai nahi, diabetes aapke body ke har part ko involve karta hai. Major complications jo ho sakte hai jaise aapko dil ka daura padh sakta hai, lakwa maar sakta hai, pair mein gangrene ho sakta hai, pairo ki nase such sakti hai jiske wajah se aapko chalne mein diqqat aa sakti hai, aankhein kharaab ho sakti hai, gurde kharaab ho sakti hai, pet ki diqqat ho sakti hai, sexual activity mein diqqat aa sakti hai, koi bhi chota infection bahut jaanlewa ho jaata hai, isliye diabetes ka control bahut zaruri hai aur jitna early hum iska treatment start kare utna hi aapke liye faidemand hai.

Ab diabetes ke liye treatment kya hai?

Diabetes ke treatment ko hum generally do bhaago mein divide karte hai; ek hai lifestyle management aur dusra dawaiya. Lifestyle management mein main humesha apne maarizon ko samjhata hu ke ye dawaiyon se zada important hai. Lifestyle management mein teen cheezein aati hai: weight control, diet and exercise. Weight control mein bhi fir teen cheezein aati hai ke aapko motivated hona hoga ke aap weight lose karna chahte hai ya nahi aur iska exercise pattern bhi hum individualize karte hai ke aapko kya karna pasand hai. Agar aapke ghutno mein dard hai toh shayad aap walking na kar paaye, aapke liye cycling better hai. Agar aap yoga karne chahte hai toh uske liye bhi hum individualize karege but depend karta hai aapko pasand kya hai. Issi tarah se se diet ko bhi individualize kiya jata hai. Ye sabhi ko pata hai ke diabetes mein sugar nahi khana hota, aaloo ki cheezein nahi khaani hoti hai, but regional differences hote hai, cultural differences hote hai aur us hisaab se hum aapko batate hai ke kya khana hai aur kya nahi khana. By and large, complex carbohydrates, fresh fruits, jo ki bahut zaada meethe na ho, healthy portion of vegetable and salads.

Ek rule of thumb hai jo ki har diabetic patient ko follow karna chahiye. Exercise ke baare mein kam se kam aadha ghanta, bahut acha ho agar aap 45 minutes har din walk kar paaye, kam se kam hafte mein 5-7 din. Diabetes mein medicines bahut tareeke ke hote hai, maine pehle bhi bataya ki Type 1 diabetes ka ilaaj sirf aur sirf insulin hai, Type 2 diabetes mein different medications hai aur diabetes bahut hi advancing field hai jisme ke din ba din naye drugs aa rahe hai. Ye aap apne doctor se mile, aapke kis level ka diabetes hai, aapko sath mein kya complications hai, aapke tests kya reveal karte hai, aur aap kis regimen ko follow kar sakte hai, us hisaab se hum aapke diabetes ka plan banate hai. Aqsar hum sugar ki mareezon ko ye pata nahi hota kea cha sugar control bolte kisko hai. Acha sugar control hum tab bolte hai jab aapka bhuke pet wala ya fasting wala sugar 140 se kam ho. Agar random karwa rahe hai ya khan eke do ghante baad wala karwate hai toh wo 180 se kam hona chahiye aur teen mahine ka average batane wala HbA1c, 7 se kam rehna chahiye. Agar aap ye teeno goal achieve karte hai, iska matlab hai ke aapka sugar acha control hai.

Agar aap humare sath judna chahte hai, diabetes ka treatment karwane chahte hai ya kuch aur jaanna chahte hai toh, please contact me through lybrate.com. Thank you so much.

A stroke may be called a brain attack. It may happen to any person at any time. A stroke occurs when blood supply to the brain is cut off. The brain cells become oxygen deprived due to the stroke and eventually die. Dead brain cells result in brain dysfunction due to which patients lose control over muscle and memory.

Strokes can be mild to life threatening and requires immediate medical attention. Stroke requires advanced care and should be treated by extensively qualified and experienced medical experts. 

Neurosurgery satisfies all the required clauses for treatment of stroke and accounts for being one of the best ways for management of stroke. Renowned hospitals have a dedicated neurosurgical wing and a team of neurological specialists who know how to deal with stroke the best.

Vascular Neurology
This form of neurology focuses on patients who have undergone a stroke or have experienced symptoms of stroke. A multidisciplinary approach is taken for the prevention of recurrent cerebrovascular conditions.

Types of stroke

1. Ischemic stroke: This kind of stroke occurs when there is a blockage in a blood vessel, which supplies blood to the brain. This form of stroke is the more common. The underlying cause of this stroke is known as atherosclerosis, which is a condition where fatty deposits occur in the walls of the blood vessels and cause blockage in them.
2. Hemorrhagic stroke: This type of stroke occurs when a blood vessel gets weak and ruptures into the brain. This is caused by two types of weak blood vessels known as aneurysm and arteriovenous malformation.
3. Transient ischemic attack: This type of stroke is also known as a mini stroke. These attacks occur because of blood clots. The blockage caused is temporary or transient in nature.

Treatment of Ischemic stroke

1. Tissue Plasminogen Activator: This is one of the best ways to treat ischemic strokes. This medicine is given to the patient intravenously. It dissolves the blood clot and improves blood flow to the area of the brain which is affected. The medicine should be given within three to four hours after stroke symptoms appear.
2. Endovascular procedure: This is a process by which the blood clot is removed using a catheter, which gets inserted into the area of the blocked blood vessel. It helps in restoring blood flow to that area. 

Treatment of Hemorrhagic stroke

1. Endovascular procedure: Several endovascular techniques and methods are used so that the weakening of blood vessels is reduced and less bleeding is caused.
2. Surgical treatment: Different modes of neurosurgery may be undertaken to stop bleeding and for relieving pressure within the skull.