The Ulnar nerve is the longest unprotected nerve in the human body (meaning it is not protected by any bones or muscles), and is also one of the predominant nerves that enables efficient sensation and function to the hand. The Ulnar nerve begins at the neck and travels all the way down the inside of the forearm to the palm of the hand. However, at this point, the Ulnar nerve branches out within the palm and into the ring and little fingers.
Ulnar Tunnel Syndrome of the wrist is a condition characterized by an entrapment of the Ulnar nerve as it passes through the Guyon's canal within the wrist. Women are more likely to develop this condition than men because of incessant household works and also sitting at the table and working on the laptops and desktops on an everyday basis.
The most common cause of Ulnar Tunnel Syndrome is a ganglion cyst, which is a non-cancerous fluid-filled lump that usually originates from the wrist joint.
The treatment of Ulnar Tunnel Syndrome of the wrist includes both non-surgical and surgical methods. Usually, people who are diagnosed with this syndrome at the first stage can be cured with simple physiotherapy at home.
Ulnar Tunnel Syndrome of the wrist may occur in individuals of all ages, races, ethnic groups and gender but majorly as per the reports, women are more likely to develop this condition than men. From the past studies, it is seen that the individuals who participate in sports that involve repetitive stress on the wrist, such as gymnastics , table tennis, lawn tennis , badminton are the common and frequent victims of the syndrome.
Also, certain occupations that require repetitive overuse of the wrist, such as carpentry or painting are also sufferers of this syndrome.
The common signs and symptoms of Ulnar Tunnel Syndrome are as follows;-
Techniques which help in the diagnosis of Ulnar Tunnel Syndrome are as follows :-
Treatment for Ulnar tunnel syndrome:
The treatment measures for Ulnar Tunnel Syndrome of the wrist include both non-surgical and surgical methods:-
Surgical Method:
Non-surgical method:
Spondyloarthritis (also known as spondyloarthropathy) is the term which describes the connective tissue diseases. It is the group of inflammatory diseases, including arthritis of the peripheral joints and spine (sacroiliitis or spondylitis); including the area where ligaments and tendons attach to bones (enthesitis or enthesopathy). These diseases cause pain or stiffness in the leg or arm joints, spine, ligaments and tendons become inflamed. Skin rashes, eye, and intestinal problems may also be able to occur.
Epidemiology
Types
There are five types of spondyloarthritis
Ankylosing spondylitis or bechterew disease: it is the type of arthritis that affects the spine. Symptoms include pain and stiffness in the lower back and in the neck. Spine bones fuse together and it will become rigid spine and it leads to stoope over posture.
Psoriatic arthritis: psoriatic arthritis is the form of arthritis that affects the people who have psoriasis. Most people diagnosed with psoriasis and later diagnosed with psoriatic arthritis. It may affect any part of the body such as fingertips and spine. The main symptoms are joint pain, stiffness, and swelling.
Psoriatic arthritis
Reactive arthritis: it occurs due to the infection by certain bacteria. Often the bacteria’s from genitals (chlamydia trachomatis) or bowel (campylobacter, salmonella, shigella, and yersinia). It usually targets your knees and joints of ankles or feet.
Reactive arthritis
Undifferentiated arthritis: undifferentiated inflammatory arthritis does not conform to any of the recognized inflammatory arthritis types. It may include monoarthritis of a single joint; oligoarthritis, which is usually when four or fewer joints are involved; or polyarthritis, which usually involves many small joints.
Risk factors
Risk factors may be higher due to following reasons:
Causes
Symptoms and complications of spondyloarthritis
The first and major symptoms of all types of spondyloarthritis are severe low back pain, swelling of arms, stiffness, and fatigue. The different types of spondyloarthritis can be manifested by the following signs and symptoms.
Diagnosis and testing
First a doctor may ask for patient’s medical history, physical exam and may suspects for symptoms of spondyloarthritis. To confirm doctor may perform the following diagnosis and tests.
Treatment of spondyloarthritis.
Prevention and control measures