Obsessive Compulsive Disorder || Symptoms & Treatment

Hello,

I am Dr. Ashish Satpal, I am consultant psychiatrist working at Oshiwara, Kandivali, Mira Road and Bhayandar.

Today we are going to talk about Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. It is very common in India and other countries. If we see the probability of having obsessive compulsive disorder its 1 in 100 - sau logon mein se ek aadmi ko obsessive compulsive disorder ho sakta hai.

Males or females purusho aur striyon mein samantar hai, koi alag bhed- bhav nahi hai isme. Obsessive compulsive disorder mein mainly start hota hai obsession se, jahan pe the patient gets recurrent intrusive thoughts , jaise ki baar baar ek ki vichar aana , koi particular soch ke baare mein, koi particular image ya phir koi intrusive impulse ke baare mein. Agar wo patient control nahi kar paya woh thought , to us wajah se anxiety yaani ki ghabrahat ho sakti hai.

Yeh ghabraahat kam karne ke liye usually patient compulsion karta hai jise kriya kehte hain . Baar baar haath dhona ya phir baar baar koi cheez check karna toh is kriya ki wajah se usse temporary relief milta hai , jis wajah se jo obsession , jo thought tha woh exacerbate ho jata hai.Yeh ek positive cycle ki tarah har baar jitni baar yeh obsession, anxiety, compulsion and temporary relief hoga uthna hai ye circuit from hota jata hai.

In obsessive compulsion disorder, usually jo humne dekha gaya hai ki ek soch jo atuck jati hai is wajah se baar baar ye kriya hoti rehti hai. For example , kisi ko soch aati hai ki mere haath gande hain ya phir cheeze aas paas gandi hai toh uska compulsion hoga ki woh baar baar hath dhoyega.

Kisi ko baar baar khyaal aayega ki maine light band kiya hai ke nahi, switch band kiya hai ki nahi, gas knob band kiya hai ki nahi uska compulsion hoga ki baar baar woh check karega. Is wajah se zyaadatar patient apna time waste kar lete hain, jaise ki ek ghanta ya dedh ghanta sirf nahaane mein ya hath dhone mein guzar dena, ya phir baar baar ek hi khayal aana ki meine woh cheez check ki hai ki nahi. Koi koi patient ko rituals rehte hain jaise ki itni baar bhagwan ka naam lena taki mujhe achha lage ya phir mera din kharab ho jayega , baar baar koi impulse jo aati hai unko ki mujhe baar baar mobile check karna hai, mujhe baar baar ye dekhna hai ki maine barabar sahi jagah pe hoon ke nahi, is wajah se zyadatar woh apna jo kaam rehta hai wo bhul jate hain.

Yeh day to day life mein bahut impact karta hai kuch kuch hudd tak kitna hota hai ki 24 ghante mein se 16 se 18 ghante patient ye kriyaon mein time waste karte hai.

OCD ya Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ke themes alag alag hote hain, ek theme hai contamination jaise ki gandagi ke baare mein khayal aana aur usse related compulsion hai, cleaning, saaf safai karna. Doosra theme hai symmetry ki cheeze barabar hai ke nahi uske baare mein check karte rehna, uska compulsion hai ki hum baar baar cheeze arrange karne lag jate hain. Teesra theme hai anger, gussa aana baar baar gusse ke baare mein khayal aana, uska jo compulsion jo kiya hai ke hum apne aap ko baar baar check karte rehte hain. Aur ek theme hai ki anchahi impulse baar baar aana, jaise ki sexual thought jo baar baar intersuve hai jo humko theek nahi lagta aur uska jo compulsion part hai usme hum rituals karte hain ki hum bhagwan ka naam le lenge, ya phir hum koi jagah avoid karenge jaana, toh isme jyadatar log fas jaate hain aur uss wajah se day to day life mein yeh impact karta hai.

Obsessive compulsive disorder childhood ya early adolescence jaise ki early age mein teenagers mein usually start hota hai lekin agar yeh late detect hua jaise ki middle age toh iska aage chalke prognosis achha rehta hai. If it is early age like childhood me detect hua hai toh prognosis thoda guarded hoga, jo karan hai obsessive-compulsive disorder hone ke wo ab tak bahut clear nahi hai, the exact cause is unknown.

Jo karan bataye gaye hain literature main usme ek cause hai ki genetic, jaise ki anuvanshik karan ho sakta hai jaise ki aapki family mein kisi ko OCD hai to aap ko hone ki probability around 30 to 40% hogi. Dusra karan hai environmental factor, jaise ki aap ke aas paas ki jo cheeze hai jaise ki stressful life substance use nasha karna ya phir koi bhi cheez ka samvedansheel hona yeh sare karan ki wajah se OCD bad sakta hai.

OCD ki treatment agar hum dekhe jaye toh usually doh part me hoti hai, ek hoti hai psychotherapy jisme hum log cognitive behavioral therapy use karte hain jiska part hai exposure and response prevention. Jaise ki psychotherapy mein hum log usually patient ko uss darr se expose karte hain aur jo uske eventually compulsion activity rehte hain unko prevent karna sikhate hain.

ERP ya Exposure Response Prevention has shown good result in early cases, jo cases bahut jayada hote hain usme hum log medicines use kar sakte hain, medicines jaise ki serotonin wale medicine SSRIs. Serotonin aisa ek jayadatar dekha gaya hai ki OCD me serotonin ka level kafi kam hota hai, toh jaise hi hum dawaiya shuru karte hain jaise ki SSRIs Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor, jisme brain mein serotonin ki matra bad jati hai aur yeh jo circuit hai yeh thoda slow ho jata hai.

Medicines or therapy ke saath mein OCD ko hum kafi acchi tarah control kar sakte hain. OCD ye ek aisi bimari hai jo day to day life mein humko her ek cheez mein hum ko latka sakti hai. OCD ka sahi ilaj pehla step yeh hai ki hum OCD ko samjho OCD ko samajhne ke baad hum aage usko apnaye aur therapy ki aur bade. OCD ye ek aisi bimari hai jo hume har samay humko fight karna padega ke aise nahi hai ki char din goli khayi aur aap theek ho gaye, maybe treatment can go up to maybe one year or maybe 3 years also. But then you have to be persistent aapke jo prayatna rehte hain wo regular hone chahiye tabhi aapko isme asar dekhega.

For more information regarding OCD or any other psychiatric disorders you can contact me through lybrate portal, aap mujhse sampark kar sakte hain lybrate online services se ya phir aap mujhe personally aake bhi consult kar sakte hain.