"What is Bariatric Surgery And Why It Should be Considered?"

" What is bariatric surgery for obesity and why it should be considered" 

• Bariatric surgery can be considered an effective and sustainable weight loss method in some patients. Bariatric procedures can be an appropriate weight loss option for patients with a body mass index (bmi) exceeding 40 kg/m2, individuals with a bmi between 35 and 40 who have developed diseases associated with obesity, and those who have been unsuccessful in losing weight through other weight loss strategies. 2 the overall aim of bariatric procedures is to reduce the intake of food by physically restricting the gastric capacities of the body. 2, 4 overall, bariatric surgery has been associated with significant weight loss, reductions in some weight-related comorbidities, and an increase in certain elements relating to quality of life, as compared to conventional treatments.
• There are a number of different types of bariatric surgery currently available to patients. The most common procedures are generally performed laparoscopically and include roux-en-y gastric bypass (rygb), sleeve gastrectomy (sg), and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (lagb). The rygb is an irreversible procedure that involves the combination of restrictive and malabsorptive processes by constructing a small gastric pouch anastomosed to the distal part of the small intestine. 2–4 the duodenum is attached further down the distal part of the intestines, creating a “y”-like shape. Food bypasses the stomach as well as the proximal small bowel. The sg is an irreversible restrictive procedure involving the removal of a large portion of the stomach creating a “sleeve”-shaped tube. The surgery reduces the overall stomach size to around 25% of its original size. The lagb procedure is a reversible surgery that involves restricting food intake by placing an inflatable silicone constricting band around the distal end of the fundus to make a smaller prestomach pouch. The band diameter can be altered by injecting or removing saline through a subcutaneous port to optimize restriction. These bariatric surgeries differ in technical procedure, outcome, and risk and, therefore, comprehensive consideration needs to be applied when choosing the more appropriate surgery for each patient. It is also important for the bariatric patient to have an understanding of the surgical procedure and the future implications to reduce the risk of complications and to improve overall weight loss
• As the prevalence and burden of overweight and obesity increases globally, it is salient to develop and implement effective interventions for long-term weight loss. In 2008, statistics reported that global obesity had nearly doubled since 1980, with more than 1.4 billion adults identified as overweight, and approximately 200 million men and 200 million women being classified as obese. Overweight and obesity are associated with a range of noncommunicable diseases, which can result in significant morbidity. These health concerns can include type 2 diabetes, musculoskeletal complications, cardiovascular disease, some cancers, obstructive sleep apnea (osa), infertility, negative emotional states, and an overall reduced quality of life. Therefore, the need for an effective intervention providing long-term weight loss is paramount to reduce the incidence of obesity-related health complications.