What are anal fissures and how can you deal with them?

An anal fissure refers to a tiny tear occurring in the anus's lining. This cut may occur when you pass hard stools during bowel movement. The fissures can cause pain which may be severe. This condition is most commonly seen in children and infants, though it can affect people of all ages.

Symptoms of anal fissures

The common signs and symptoms of anal fissure include:

• A visible cut or tear in the skin around anus
• A small lump of skin present next to the tear
• Sharp and stabbing pain in the anal area along with itching during bowel movement
• Spots of blood visible on stools

What causes an anal fissure?

Other than chronic constipation and diarrhea other common causes of anal fissure are:

• Crohn's disease
• Straining during labor
• Anal sphincter muscles that are overly tight

What are the probable ways of dealing with anal fissures?

A digital rectal exam can be performed to diagnose the anal fissure. Anal fissures usually don't require surgery and can be treated at home by:

• Taking stool softeners to avoid cuts in the anus
• Increasing the consumption of fibrous foods including raw fruits and vegetables
• Taking warm baths which will help relax the anal muscles, relieve irritation and increase the flow of blood to the anorectal area
• Applying ointments and pain relievers to the anus to reduce the discomfort and promote healing

Botox injections may also prevent spasms in the anus by paralyzing the muscle temporarily. If anal fissures fail to respond to any of the treatments you have to undergo an anal sphincterotomy. This surgical procedure involves making a small dissection in the anal sphincter which helps to relax the muscle.