Hypothyroidism - All You Must Know!

Hypothyroidism refers to the underproduction of hormones in the thyroid gland. It has a wide range of symptoms. Thyroid hormones affect multiple organ systems, so the symptoms of hypothyroidism are wide-ranging and diverse.

The thyroid creates two thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (t3) and thyroxine (t4). These regulate metabolism, and they also affect the following functions:

• Brain development
• Breathing
• Heart and nervous system functions
• Body temperature
• Muscle strength
• Skin dryness
• Menstrual cycles
• Weight
• Cholesterol levels

Symptoms of hypothyroidism commonly include, but are not limited to:

• Fatigue
• Weight gain
• Cold intolerance
• Slowed heart rate, movements, and speech
• Joint and muscle pain, cramps, and weakness
• Constipation
• Dry skin
• Thin, brittle hair or fingernails
• Decreased sweating
• Pins and needles
• Heavy periods, or menorrhagia
• Weakness
• High cholesterol
• Puffy face, feet, and hands
• Insomnia
• Balance and co-ordination issues
• Loss of libido
• Recurrent urinary and respiratory tract infections
• Anemia
• Depression

If left untreated, the following symptoms can manifest:

• Hoarseness
• Puffiness in the face
• Thinned or missing eyebrows
• Slow heart rate
• Hearing loss

If it develops in children or teenagers, the signs and symptoms are generally the same as adults.

However, they may also experience:

• Poor growth
• Delayed development of teeth
• Poor mental development
• Delayed puberty

Hypothyroidism develops slowly. Symptoms may go unnoticed for a long time, and they may be vague and general.