Hypertension: What are the Risk Factors & Ways to Manage it

Hypertension is a common lifestyle disorder and is increasing at an alarming level in India. One in four men and one in five women above 18 years of age are at the risk of developing it.

Who is at risk of hypertension?

Hypertension can affect anyone, but the following factors increase its risk:

• Age - As you grow old, the functioning of your heart is affected. This impacts blood pressure. In general, 55 or above for men and 65 or above for women is considered as a critical risk factor.  

• Weight - Being overweight or obese increases the risk of high blood pressure.

• Lifestyle - Eating out too often, or consumption of packaged food may increase BP. lack of exercise, alcohol consumption and smoking is also related to increased risk.

• Family history - A family history of high blood pressure raises the risk of developing prehypertension or high blood pressure, at an early age.

• Metabolic conditions - If you have diabetes, heart problems or kidney disorders, it increases the risk of hypertension.

How to prevent hypertension?

Hypertension needs regular monitoring to prevent any complications. A few tips that will help in its better management include:

• Improving the level of physical activity: 30 minutes of daily physically active reduces the risk of hypertension. Try to involve yourself in sports or take a brisk walk for 30 minutes.

• Better weight management: In case you are overweight or obese, reducing a few kilos, can help in better BP control. It also avoids other complications like diabetes and heart problems.

• Avoid or eat less processed and packaged food: Avoid eating packaged and preserved foods, because they are high on sodium. Some home foods like chutneys, pickles, and papads should also be avoided.

• Improve fiber intake: Include fruits, vegetables and whole grains like oats, brown rice in your diet. These foods are good sources of fiber.

• Avoid alcohol consumption and smoking: Consumption of alcohol and smoking are associated with sudden increase in the BP levels. And may also lead to unnecessary weight gain.

Regular health check-ups, a healthy lifestyle along with physical activity is the key to preventing hypertension. In case of any other metabolic disorder or cardiac problems, consult your doctor for better management and prevention of hypertension.