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Last Updated: Oct 23, 2019
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Causes of HIV
Pathogens
The disease #aids develops from an infection hiv and is caused by the v iris immunodeficiency h umana. Hiv and substance containing rna (ribonucleic acid), unlike many other viruses or human cells whose genetic #information is stored in the form of dna (deoxyribonucleic acid). Therefore, hiv is defined rather as an rna #virus within the group of retroviruses.
The: two #types of hiv are known hiv-1, present worldwide, and hiv-2, which is found mainly in the south Africa.
Both virus types differ in their genetic substance, rna. Thus, hiv-2 rna, called aids virus from monkeys is similar to the green monkeys, while hiv-1 is more like chimpanzees. It is likely that before the explosion and rapid spread of aids in the 1980s had many people already infected with this virus monkey.
Hiv genetic material is surrounded by a protein coat. This property enables the envelope virus from attaching to the human immune cells such as helper t cells (also known as t cells). Infected t cells are destroyed by the virus, so that occurs weakening the immune system over time. This favors the emergence of other diseases.
Hiv transmission
#hiv is transmitted primarily by blood and sperm. Therefore, people who have unprotected sex or drug addicts who exchange syringes are most prone to the transmission of hiv. In Spain, 79% of hiv cases in 2010 were sexual.
In the case of sex, hiv transmission can occur for the following situations:
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for anal or vaginal sex acts (active or passive) with a high risk of infection.
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for fellatio in which the semen reaches the mouth (lowest risk).