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Overview

Pregnancy Test, Urine Test

Pregnancy Test, Urine Test

also known as: hCG, Urine, Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG), Qualitative, Urine

Urine pregnancy test is a test done to know if a woman is pregnant. This test is based on the levels human chorionic gonadotropin hormone present in the urine of a woman. The level of this hormone in the urine sample is tested via this test which helps to know if the woman is pregnant or not. This human chorionic gonadotropin is secreted from the syncytiotrophoblast cells of the fertilized ovum. Therefore the level of the hormone is high in the urine of pregnant woman. The urinary pregnancy test is therefore a qualitative test testing the presence of the hormone.

Women of a reproductive age group that is women who are in age group of 15yrs to 45yrs who have missed their period usually undergo this pregnancy test. Pregnancy is one of most common cause of amenorrhea in women of reproductive age group. The urine pregnancy test can be performed very easily by the patient herself at home. The patient will have read all instructions on pregnancy test kit very carefully. Note of the expiry date of the kit should be done. Large amounts of water should not be consumed before performing the test as this can dilute the concentration of human chorionic gonadotropin in the urine and give false negative results.

A Urinary pregnancy test is a handiest and inexpensive test to detect pregnancy in women. If amenorrhea is due to pregnancy, the cause is known in case of positive results. In case the test results are negative, the patient will undergo further investigations to know the cause for amenorrhea. Drugs such as diuretics and antihistamines can give false negative results. Drugs such as hypnotics and tranquilizers can give false positive results.

Urine pregnancy test strips are a very handy method of testing pregnancy for a woman at home all by herself. But the results of the test should be confirmed by ultrasound. Pregnancy test done after 10-14 days after the missed period will give more accurate results. Early morning urine sample should be used for the test. The urine which is passed first as soon one wakes up should be collected for the test. This urine is dropped on the test strip. Wait for 5-10 minutes for the results to appear. There will a colour indicator on the strip which will indicate the result of the test.

LimitationsFive-minute immunoenzymetric assay: sensitivity − 20 mIU/mL (The test will normally become positive by the seventh day after menstruation fails to occur.) Proteinuria or hematuria may affect the performance of the test. Interpret specimens with these conditions cautiously. False-positive and false-negative results may also occur in specimens from individuals taking a variety of drugs. Urines from patients on methadone replacement therapy >100 mg/day have demonstrated a high incidence of false-positive reactions when using this test. If this condition is suspected and a positive test results, the test should be repeated using a different methodology. False-positives may also be reported with ectopic production of hCG and/or hCG-like substances by trophoblastic or nontrophoblastic neoplasms (eg, ovarian cysts, testicular tumors, carcinoma of the lung). Positive results from patients suspected to have elevated concentrations of pituitary gonadotropins such as LH should be interpreted with caution although cross reactivity is minimal. Positive tests are also found with various types of choriocarcinoma and hydatidiform mole. A complete abortion may result in a positive test for a week following the procedure.
Specimen
Urine (first morning)
Volume
1 mL
Container
Plastic urine container.
Type Gender Age-Group Value
HCG
Female
>18 years
HCG detected in positive cases to confirm Pregnancy
Average price range of the test is between Rs.100 to Rs.150 depending on the factors of city, quality and availablity.

Table of Content

What is Pregnancy Test, Urine Test?
Preparation for Pregnancy Test, Urine Test
Uses of Pregnancy Test, Urine Test
Procedure for Pregnancy Test, Urine Test
Limitations of Pregnancy Test, Urine Test
Specimen Requirements
Normal values for Pregnancy Test, Urine Test
Price for Pregnancy Test, Urine Test
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Popular Questions & Answers

I had unprotected sex on 24th july and my period is due on 1st of august but I am still not feeling any period pain and my stomach is bloating feeling discomfort and changes in vagina. please suggest.

BHMS, MD - Homeopathy
Homeopathy Doctor, Vellore
I had unprotected sex on 24th july and my period is due on 1st of august but I am still not feeling any period pain a...
Dear lybrate-user! Wait for 10-15 days more and confirm the pregnancy. Sometimes the periods may delay after sexual contact.
4 people found this helpful

I am a student in 12th. I am under weighted and I can't afford costly Whey Proteins Powder. So How can I gain weight by cheap of Household methods?

BHMS
Homeopath, Secunderabad
I am a student in 12th. I am under weighted and I can't afford costly Whey Proteins Powder. So How can I gain weight ...
Do not worry too much. Just focus on eating healthy homemade food. A balanced diet is essential for the body to maintain ideal weight and overall health. Have milk and milk products. Try eating all types of beans (daals) which are a good source of natural proteins. You can search the net for various types of food and their nutritional values. Do not forget to eat fruits and vegetables everyday so that you get supply of vitamins and other nutrients. Exercise should also form an integral part of a healthy habit. If you follow these suggestions, it will not only help you gain ideal weight but also make you energetic and help focus on your studies and future planning. Have your priorities and stick to the healthy lifestyle. Do get a routine medical check up along with some basic tests to ensure you are fit and healthy. Revert later with reports for clarification.
5 people found this helpful

My wife's health is low and weight is also low. She is 26 years old. I want that my wife should be in good shape. Please advise me sir.

BHMS
Homeopath, Secunderabad
My wife's health is low and weight is also low. She is 26 years old. I want that my wife should be in good shape. Ple...
See​ that she eats a balanced diet. She should also go for a routine medical check up just to ensure that there is no any health problem that remain undetected. Some basic tests are: CBC, ESR, blood sugar, thyroid test, urine routine, liver profile etc. She should also focus on exercising everyday. Add Yoga and pranayam which can naturally empower the healing system in the body. A healthy lifestyle can make a lot of difference in the long run. Please revert with the reports for further clarification. She can also start Homeopathy to help gain good appetite and thereby healthy​ weight. You can contact me online also.
1 person found this helpful

Popular Health Tips

These Sexual Mistakes Compromise Penis Health!

MD - General Medicine
Sexologist, Delhi
These Sexual Mistakes Compromise Penis Health!

When it comes to maintaining proper penis health, most men have a very good idea of what to do. They know all the basics of penis care, from taking care to wash properly to regularly inspecting the manhood to applying a high-quality penis health crème. But in the heat of the moment, when sexual fun is getting hot and heavy, a man might make a silly mistake. Those sexual mistakes can compromise penis health in a serious way.

Not sure what sexual mistakes might be a problem? Here's a list of the biggest issues a man might find himself doing when things are hot - and might regret when things cool off.

1. That lube isn't really lube. A man who is getting it on but suddenly realizes the need for lube might reach for whatever is handy, assuming a bottle of lube is not available - and sometimes that means he will try to use anything from shampoo or conditioner to lotion or cooking oils. Obviously these things are not meant for use as a sexual lubricant, and can lead to dry and cracked skin, irritation and more. Using lube designed specifically for the sexual purpose is always recommended.

2. The condom is too small. Though it is very important to always wrap it up before sexual activity, the wrapping itself might sometimes be the issue. Using a condom that is too small might lead to a little irritation in the heat of the moment, but a man can often ignore that for pursuit of pleasure. The aftermath is when things get rough, as the penis can develop small cuts, tears or even blisters from the use of a condom that is too tight. It pays to test out a variety of condoms to find the best fit.

3. There's been too much drinking. Sometimes a bit of inebriation can be a good thing, as it lowers inhibitions and can help both partners relax before the main event. But too much drinking can lead to serious problems, including trouble with getting it up or issues with stamina. But too much alcohol consumption can lead to even worse things, such as forgetting to use a condom or even suffering memory loss that leaves a man wondering just what happened the night before. Avoiding this is simple: don't drink too much before a bedtime romp.

4. Cleaning up is not a priority. There are plenty of bodily fluids sliding around during sexual activity, and much of that understandably winds up on a man's penis. From the natural lubrication that occurs during sex to the traces of spermicide in the condom, there can be several substances that linger. A man who doesn't clean off his penis after sex is asking for trouble, as those fluids can dry on the penis skin, leading to itching, irritation and redness, as well as a potential penis rash.

A man who pays attention to good penis care should always remember that caring for the penis extends to those moments when things are hot and heavy. Not only should a man be fully prepared for any sexual encounter, he should also be sure to take care to clean up well afterward. Maintaining good health should also include regular use of a high-quality penis health crème (health professionals recommend Man 1 Man Oil, which is clinically proven mild and safe for skin). Look for a crème that includes a multitude of vitamins and nutrients, such as vitamin A for odor-fighting properties, vitamin E to keep skin supple, and vitamin C to enhance sexual health. Amino acids such as L-arginine for blood vessel dilation and acetyl-L-carnitine for protection against peripheral nerve damage are also helpful. Combine it all in a Shea butter base and a man has the recipe for great penis health.

21 people found this helpful

Know The Ayurvedic Approach To Reversing Diabetes!!

Graduate of Ayurvedic Medicine and Surgery (GAMS)
Ayurvedic Doctor, Panipat
Know The Ayurvedic Approach To Reversing Diabetes!!

Glucose is the primary ingredient within the body which is turned into an energy source. This is what we use when we move, walk or make the slightest movements. To metabolize glucose into energy, your body needs insulin, which is a hormone produced within the pancreas. However, if the body doesn't react to the insulin or the pancreas is unable to produce enough, glucose cannot be converted into energy and thus results in type 2 diabetes.

Symptoms of type 2 diabetes

  1. Sudden or gradual weight loss despite increased hunger - Many people complain that they feel hungry and eat more, but despite this, tend to lose weight. This occurs as the body cannot metabolize glucose and uses energy reserves from fat or muscles leading to weight loss.
  2. Frequent infections and slow healing - If you are afflicted with Type 2 diabetes, then it might affect your immune system and you may be prone to infections. Also, any cuts or bruises on your body will take much longer to heal than normal.
  3. Irritability and fatigue - Another common symptom of type 2 diabetes along with the other symptoms mentioned here is quick irritability and fatigue. This is because most of the body is deprived of sugar and thus lacks the energy needed to function normally. 
  4. Constant thirst and increased urination - If you feel constantly thirsty despite drinking ample water and urinating frequently, this may be a tell tale sign of type 2 diabetes.
  5. Skin darkening in folds and creases of the body - Also known as acanthosis nigricans; this is a darkening of the skin where it also becomes velvety to the touch. It usually develops in the folds on skin in areas such as the neck and armpits and is a direct result of insulin resistance.

Causes of Type 2 diabetes

Some of the most common causes of Type 2 diabetes could be:

  1. Being overweight
  2. Lack of physical activity
  3. Genetic predisposition or family history 
  4. If you are more than 45 years of age
  5. Hormonal problems such as Polycystic ovarian syndrome

Reverse Diabetes

There three major factors that can help you prevent and reverse pre- and type II diabetes: proper diet and appropriate nutritional and herbal supplementation, exercise, and weight management.

  1. Diet: Proper diet is critical for both preventing and treating pre-and type II diabetes. One of the most important dietary precautions you can take is to eliminate all refined sugars and sugar products from your diet. Also reduce or eliminate your intake of alcohol and caffeine; avoid fast, processed "junk" foods and soda, altogether; and eat protein snacks between meals.
  2. Eating According to the Glycemic Index: Another important dietary tip is eat meals that contains an abundance of low-glycemic (low-sugar) foods. By doing so you can significantly improve your body's ability to maintain low insulin and blood sugar levels. Low-glycemic foods include raw, organic leafy green vegetables, fruits that contain pits, sweet potatoes, yams, organic whole-grain breads and cereals, most legumes and nuts, skim and buttermilk, poultry, white fish, shellfish, and lean cuts of beef and veal.
  3. Nutritional and Herbal Supplements: In addition to a healthy diet, many people at risk for or who already have pre- or type II diabetes will also benefit from various nutritional and herbal supplements.
  4. Exercise: Regular exercise should be part of every diabetic's daily routine. Exercise in combination with a weight loss program has been proven to reduce the odds of developing diabetes by 58 percent among people who are at risk for the disease. If you wish to discuss about any specific problem, you can consult with the doctor for diabetes ayurvedic treatment.
4522 people found this helpful

Hot Flashes - 5 Causes Behind It

MBBS, DGO, FGO
Gynaecologist, Jalandhar
Hot Flashes - 5 Causes Behind It

Menopause is the time in a woman's life when the menstruation ceases, bringing an end to a woman's childbearing years. There are a number of symptoms that mark this stage, including hot flashes, which are very commonly experienced in such cases. Hot flashes are like a feeling of a red hot flush that may wash over the body and lead to excessive sweating. It occurs in the blood vessels that are closest to the surface of the skin. Yet, menopause is not the only reason why one may experience these hot flashes.

Here are some of the reasons that may trigger these hot flashes:

1. Carcinoid syndrome: This is a disease that may cause hot flashes as a symptom. In this condition, a tumour will usually release varied chemicals into the body, which can create varied symptoms that seem like hot flashes.

2. Hyperthyroidism: Overheating of the body and the system from within is something that many patients suffering from hyperthyroidism may experience. This usually happens when the thyroid glands end up producing too much of the thyroid hormone that brings about many symptoms ranging from depression to weight loss and even hot flashes. In hyperthyroidism, the body goes into a hyper mode, which usually leads to overheating of the same. This gives rise to frequent and often severe hot flashes.

3. Hormonal changes: There are many hormonal changes that may affect various men and women from time to time. A drop in the level of the estrogen hormone is something that many women go through on a regular basis. This may happen due to pregnancy as well. Also, this condition usually brings about symptoms like hot flashes.

4. Eating disorders: The way we eat and nurture our body is the way the body reacts. When there is a case of an eating disorder like dyslexia or bulimia, it may lead to varied symptoms, including hot flashes. This is due to the fact that the body's hormonal levels as well as the nutritional level plunge to an all-time low. In many such cases, hot flashes are the body's way of demanding better nutrition. These disorders can also give rise to related conditions like the hypothalamus disorder.

5. Hypothalamus disorder: Hypothalamus disorder may also cause hot flashes. This is a condition that is caused due to poor eating habits. This disorder is characterised by a major drop in one's nutrition levels and also leads to many hormonal changes. These changes often lead to symptoms like hot flashes and other related complications. If you wish to discuss about any specific problem, you can consult a Gynaecologist.

2966 people found this helpful

Adult Acne - 8 Facts About It!

Diploma In Trichology - Cosmetology, PG Diploma In Clinical Cosmetology (PGDCC), Diploma In Aesthetic Mesotherapy, PG Diploma In Clinical Research
Aesthetic Medicine Specialist, Ahmedabad
Adult Acne - 8 Facts About It!

Acne is often misunderstood to be a condition that only affects teenagers. However, acne can develop even when a person is in his or her thirties. This sort of acne is known as adult acne. As wth any other health condition, there are a number of myths associated with adult acne. Here are 7 facts you should know about adult acne.

  1. You’re not the only one. Adult acne is a fairly common skin condition. It affects both men and women though the latter are more susceptible to it. Even people in their 50s can develop acne.
  2. Adult acne and teenage acne is not the same. Acne that develops in the teenage years tends to affect the forehead area. It consists of mainly white heads and black heads that develop as a result of clogged pores.
  3. On the other hand, adult acne affects the lower half of the face appears in the form of bigger, red nodules. These often recur in the same place.
  4. Adult acne in women is mostly due to hormonal changes. A woman’s body is constantly facing hormonal changes during menstruation, pregnancy, menopause or as a result of changing birth control methods. These hormonal changes are often accompanied by acne breakouts. A chronic acne breakout can also indicate serious hormonal imbalances or conditions such as polycystic ovarian syndrome.
  5. Stress is a primary contributor to adult acne. Stress and acne have a cyclic relationship with each contributing to the development of the other. Chronic stress can lead to hormonal imbalances which further lead to the development of acne. Frustration caused by the appearance of acne can worsen the stress and if not controlled this can further aggravate acne.
  6. Using the right skin care products can prevent adult acne. Washing your face multiple times may not prove to be the best way to prevent acne as this rids the skin of necessary oils. When it comes to skincare, it is essential to choose the right product. Ideally, choose cleansers that contain benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid and non-comedogenic skincare products. Products that contain tea tree oil can also help reduce acne inflammations.
  7. Do not pick the pimplesAcne may be a temporary condition but can leave lasting effects if the pimples are picked or manually burst. Doing this can lead to the formation of permanent scars. Acne scars range from mild to severe and can later be treated with a range of procedures including dermabrasion, chemical peels and laser.
  8. What you eat can affect your acne. High glycemic index foods and dairy can lead to hormonal imbalances and have been linked to adult acne breakouts. This includes refined carbohydrates, processed sugars and all forms of milk. If you wish to discuss about any specific problem, you can ask a free question.
3526 people found this helpful